The stave churches of southern Lesser Poland constitute remarkable examples of the other facets of medieval church-building traditions in Roman Catholic culture. Built with the technique of horizontal logs, something common in Eastern and Northern Europe since the Middle Ages, these churches were sponsored by noble families. and have become symbols of prestige. They presented a choice to stone structures erected in urban centers.
The stave churches of southern Lesser Poland constitute notable examples of other facets of medieval church structure traditions in Roman Catholic culture. Using the strategy of horizontally arranged logs, followed in northern and eastern Europe since the Middle Ages, those churches were built by noble families and also a sign of prestige. They presented a choice for masonry structure in urban centers.
南部 小 波兰 木质 木质 教堂 反映 了 了 中 世纪 教堂 建筑 建筑 的 不同 侧面 ， ， 是 罗马 天主教 传统 文化 的 典型 代表。 建筑 手法 采用 伐木 技术 技术 ， 种 技术 自。 世纪 就 在 在 北 欧 东欧 东欧。 教堂 教堂 时 就 就 北 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧 欧. 东欧。 这 类 教堂 教堂 教堂 由 修建 ， 后来 成为 地位 的 象征。 对于 石质 结构 来说 ， 这 种 木制 建筑物 构成 了 市中心 的 一 建筑。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
Деревянные церкви на юге Малой Польши – яркая иллюстрация того, что в средневековом церковном строительстве в римско-католической культуре могли проявляться самые различные тенденции. Построенные с использованием методов горизонтальной укладки бревен, характерных для Восточной и Северной Европы со Средних веков, эти церкви были заказаны знатными родами и приобрели символическое значение. Они составили альтернативу каменным сооружениям, возводимым в городах.
These churches are exceptional examples of the various means traditionally used for the angels construction of Roman Catholic places of worship in the Middle Ages. the horizontal placement of wooden cylinders. The construction of these temples was paid for by noble families and became a symbol of social prestige. urban centers.
De houten kerken van zuidelijk Klein Polen zijn goede voorbeelden van de verschillende middeleeuwse kerkbouwtradities in de rooms-katholieke cultuur. De kerken werden gebouwd met behulp van de horizontale stam techniek, sinds de middeleeuwen gebruikelijk in Oost en Noord-Europa. van de Kerken, waardoor het statussymbolen werden. De houten kerken boden een alternatief voor de stenen bouwwerken in de stedelijke centra. De houten kerken van zuidelijk Klein Polen zijn van bijzonder belang geweest in de ontwikkeling van de Poolse houten architectuur. Ze waren niet alleen een essentieel onderdeel van een nederzetting, het waren ook oriëntatiepunten en ideologische symbolen.
Brief summary
The Stave Churches of Southern Małopolska are a serial inscription of the six best preserved and oldest wooden Gothic churches in this region. They are located in the towns and villages of Blizne, Binarowa, Dębno Podhalańskie, Haczów, Lipnica Murowana and Sękowa, which are located in the former Małopolska region in southern and southeastern Poland, encompassing the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains of the northern component of the Western Carpathians. Churches are an exclusive example of medieval wooden church culture in Roman Catholic culture. The technique of horizontal logs were built, which was not unusual in northern and eastern Europe in the Middle Ages. The diversity of idiosyncratic structural responses contracted in their construction, however, made them exclusive.
The functional spatial arrangement of those buildings arose from the liturgical needs followed in the West. The churches have a vast spatial structure, composed firstly of two elements: an oblong nave; and a narrower choir to the east, regularly ending in a three-sided apse. Later, post-and-beam chambered towers were added at the west end (Lipnica Murowana Church being an exception) and the main frame of the churches was circumscribed through arcades called soboty. Thanks to the use of first quality structural carpentry solutions, such as the formula of the trusses that connect the log structures of the nave and the chancel, they acquired a characteristic architectural form with upper tiled roofs covering both the nave and the chancel. and the choir, thus reinforcing the entire building. These churches also have exclusive and top-quality carpentry details, accentuating their Gothic character.
The churches have to know, valuable ornaments and furniture that demonstrate varied techniques and styles of operation, rich iconography and exceptional artistic quality. They also illustrate the stylistic adjustments in the ornament of ecclesiastical interiors, starting from the Gothic period. All the elements of the rich interior ornamentsare harmoniously connected and perfectly complement each other in terms of content, service and style.
The churches are an example of dominant landmarks in rural environments, which due to their unique existing landscape qualities, most of them are located in picturesque mountain valleys. These buildings, which were founded by noble families as a symbol of their prestige, fulfill all their functions as a place of classical celebrations and devout ceremonies; In some of them devout photographs reputed safe from divine favor are still venerated.
The total serial registration is 8. 26 ha and the total number of buffer zones is 242 ha.
Criterion (iii): The stave churches of southern Małopolska bear vital witness to the traditions of medieval church building related to the liturgical and worship purposes of the Roman Catholic Church in this remote region of Central Europe.
Criterion (iv): Churches are the ultimate representative examples of surviving Gothic churches built using the horizontal trunk technique; They are impressive in their artistic and technical execution and have been sponsored by noble families and rulers as symbols of social and political prestige.
Integrity
Within the asset barriers are all the elements that make the Outstanding Universal Value of the stave churches of southern Małopolska, which remain intact and in good condition. Although not an architectural complex in the territorial sense, the stave churches of southern Małopolska belong to a compact and unique organization of ecclesiastical buildings, integrally similar in terms of their date of construction, function, tissues and structural responses used, and architectural form. Therefore, the assets are long enough to ensure the full representation of features and processes. that reflect its transcendence, and do not suffer the negative effects of progression and / or abandonment.
The integrity of wooden churches is also evident in the close connection between their architectural features and interior ornament and designs, as well as in their immutable function. Thus, ancient and artistic interrelationships are revealed, which not only reflect local traditions in carpentry and art, but also testify to the devout and social relationships of the medieval era in this region. All the stave churches in the south of Małopolska are rural landmarks, which serve as points of integration between the cultural and herbal values of the local landscape.
The emergence of new real estate developments that disrupt the scale of these churches and are perceived in their historic surroundings may jeopardize their integrity.
Authenticity
All the stave churches in southern Lesser Poland are Gothic buildings that have survived in their old form. Its authenticity is manifested in its places and frames, its existing fabric, the structural responses that were used in its design (the technique of the horizontal trunk, the design of the tower with posts and beams, the formula of the roof trusses connecting the planes of the nave and the choir, and the trusses of the cover of the post-king), and its architectural form, explained basically through a characteristic tripartite plan (with the exception of the towerless church of Lipnica Murowana), high ceilings, chamber towers and arcades, as well as very good carved wooden details. The stave churches of southern Małopolska are also characterized by an authentic function, as they still serve classical celebrations and devout ceremonies, adding (in some cases) respect to the original benevolent images.
Important attributes that further testify to the authenticity of stave churches are their ornamentation and interior fittingout, which basically consist of polychrome painted ornamentations on walls and ceilings that highlight techniques and styles, themes and iconographic programs, as well as examples of local patronage. The specificity of this commission The portrait (present in some churches), of Gothic origin, is also a characteristic feature of this type of wooden churches. In addition to their ornamental function, and following the medieval tradition, they also had an educational function, providing ideological symbolism. .
Stave churches are examples of the culture and technologies developed through medieval guilds. The enduring continuity of the cultures of the workshops guarantees the constant use of them and materials, thus avoiding the loss of the original character of the property.
Protection and control requirements
Stave churches in southern Małopolska are by law under the Regulation on the Protection of Historical Monuments, implemented through the National Monuments Protection Service. The legal responsibility for keeping these houses in good condition lies with the Roman Catholic parishes of Blizne, Binarowa, Dębno Podhalańskie, Haczów, Lipnica Murowana and Sękowa. Responsibility for the implementation of conservation programmes lies directly with the specially appointed parishes or plenipotentiaries, under the supervision of the competent Provincial Curator of Monuments, with the participation of the diocesan curators of the diocesan curias.
To better protect and maintain the Outstanding Universal Value, authenticity and integrity of those churches, cooperation between parishes (administrators) and local government and communities deserves to be intensified. It is also recommended to expand detailed regulations for tracking assets and issues. similar to obtaining a budget for conservation works, since this would facilitate the shielding and maintenance of churches. To achieve an effective shielding of the churches and their environment, the progression and implementation of a built-in control plan is fundamental.
Meetings of the Committee
Statutory documents
Decisions of the Committee
More inquiries. . . Consultation 45 (postponed)
44th consultation (2021)
15th Special Session (2021)
43rd consultation (2019)
consultation (2018)
General Assembly
23rd UNESCO General Assembly in Paris (2021)
UNESCO General Assembly Paris (2019)
About World Heritage
The Convention
Text of the Convention
Policy Compendium
Operational guidelines
The emblem
States Parties
Advisory bodies
The Center
Employment
The list
World Heritage List
World Heritage in Danger
New records
Selection criteria
Tentative lists
World Heritage List nominations
Reporting and monitoring
Conservation Status (SOC)
Periodic reports
Questionnaires 2018-2024
Questionnaire 2008-2015
Reactive monitoring
Africa
Arab States
Asia Pacific
Latin America and the Caribbean
Europe and North America
Associations
Becoming a partner
What to do
Our
Activities
All our activities
Voluntary
Group tools
Works
World Heritage Review
Series
Resource Manuals
World Heritage wall map
More publications. . .
Financing
World Heritage Fund
International aid
Suite
Contacts
Site Map
Become a member
Donate now!