As UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said last week, “The pandemic is a transparent control of foreign cooperation, a control we have necessarily failed to control. There is a “disconnect between leadership and power,” he said, warning that in the interconnected world of the 21st century, “solidarity is self-interest” and “if we do not achieve this fact, everyone loses. “
The first virtual assembly of world leaders in the General Assembly highlighted the development of tensions between primary powers, the development of inequality between poor countries, and the growing difficulty of encirdaining the 193 UN member countries to address only primary reform problems.
Born from the ashes of World War II with 50 members, the United Nations has grown considerably since then. Seventy-five years after their founding nations signed the Charter of the United Nations in San Francisco and pledged to “save long-term generations of the scourge of war,” “conflicts continue to havoc in a world plagued by inequality, famine, and a major climate crisis.
“We can simply criticize the UN for this, but who are we literally talking about when we blame ” the UN?”, asked Swiss President Simonetta Sommaruga. We are really talking about ourselves, because the United Nations is its member states. it is the Member States that stand in the way of United Nations paintings”.
Tensions were expressed at a Security Council assembly when the United States and China – two of the five permanent members of the Council to veto – accused others of mismanagement and politicization of the coronavirus.
Russia has supported Beijing, a close ally, as it has in recent years, leaving the UN’s toughest framework guilty for keeping foreign peace and security more deeply divided and unable to solve primary problems, adding conflicts like Syria’s.
The UN had “so little trouble agreeing” that it was “under threat of helplessness,” french President Emmanuel Macron said.
“Our societies have been more interdependent,” he added. ” And the moment this is all happening, we’ve been so out of tune, so misaligned.
Kenya’s President Uhuru Kenyatta noted that “at age 75, the United Nations is older than the maximum of its member states and, above all, more than 96% of the world’s population. “
“A transparent majority of the world’s population cannot perceive the cases of its foundation,” he said, and asked, “What does this bring to the world?”
For many leaders, the United Nations’ ultimate role is its strength to come together, to have all nations communicate in combination, but there are many frustrations about their rules, adding the requirement that the 193 countries agree on key documents such as the 75th. anniversary statement, which took months of negotiations.
The greatest debatable debate, which began in 1979 and has been in sight for 40 years, focuses on the reform of the Security Council, whose five permanent members reflect the readiness of foreign force at the end of World War II: the United States. , China, Russia, France and Great Britain. The remaining 10 seats on the board rotate between members with two-year terms.
Although the reorganization of the 15-member council has broad support for existing global realities, efforts have remained bogged down in national and regional rivalries.
In 2005, deep divisions forced the General Assembly to establish three rival resolutions on enlargement.
One of them asked for permanent seats without veto for Germany, Japan, Brazil and India on a 25-member council. An organization of middle-tier countries, along with Italy and Pakistan, sought a 25-member council with 10 new non-permanent posts. And the African Union sought a council of 26 members with six more permanent posts, two for Veto- held Africa and five non-permanent posts.
That year, world leaders called for “more representative, effective and transparent” council reform.
St. Lucia’s Prime Minister Allen Chastanet noted in his saturday pre-recorded speech that the 15th anniversary of the summit he followed also marked, and joined other countries “to inspire text-based negotiations to push for reform. efforts. “
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi asked in his Speech Saturday: “How long will India stay away from United Nations decision-making structures?”With a population of 1. 3 billion, he said, India is the world’s largest democracy, has 18% of the world’s population, and is firmly committed to “maintaining the relevance of this institution. “
Namibian President Hage Geingob said he had expressed hope in the assembly face-to-face with last year’s General Assembly that the 75th anniversary would be “an opportunity” to complete the Council reform, but regretted that it would happen.
Argentine President Alberto Fernandez said the UN only needed a reform of the security council, but also a new power to fulfill its mandate.
“We want a UN 4. 0, with its core values intact and clearly to integrate the immense technological adjustments underway, to make them more human, more democratic and more socially inclusive,” he said.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel said that “the Security Council is too stagnant when transparent decisions are needed” and that reforms are needed so that the UN can “control the demanding global situations of the 21st century. “
“Ultimately,” he said, “the United Nations will be as effective as if its members were united. “
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