As the number of coronavirus disease cases (COVID-19) soared to 18 million, the race to vaccine approval began. More than one hundred candidate vaccines are being developed and tested to save infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) coronavirus 2. Today, many vaccine applicants go through level 2 and 3 tests in humans to demonstrate their efficacy and safety.
Globally, many countries have already signed multimillion-dollar agreements for safe doses of coronavirus vaccines. These countries are waiting for a vaccine to be developed and implemented to prevent infection with the new coronavirus, which has now killed more than 688,000 people since it made the impression in December 2019 in Wuhan City, China.
Of the candidate vaccines, 26 teams are under clinical evaluation and six are in the final and final stages of their trials. These come with vaccines developed through Oxford University and AstraZeneca, Sinovac, Wuhan and Sinopharm Institute of Biological Products, Beijing and Sinopharm Institute of Biological Products, Moderna and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), as well as BioNTech and Pfizer
Meanwhile, the vaccine evolved through Imperial College London and moved on to the next phase of its human test, called the Imperial COVAC1 study. Scientists leading the clinical trial report that they are immunizing loads from others with the experimental coronavirus vaccine in an early trial after their low-dose tests on the initial participants were successful. The first trial concerned about 15 component participants, who were part of the initial phase of dose increase, who will return to get their dose at the moment.
The team now plans to expand the trial to 320 participants, adding high-risk Americans like others over the age of 75. They will study and record all adverse occasions and reactions to the vaccine and test participants’ blood for the presence of neutralizing antibodies opposed to SARS-CoV-2.
In Australia, a promising coronavirus vaccine has completed its first phase of human trials. Scientists leading the trial say the vaccine can be given as soon as October. The vaccine, called COVAX-19, evolved through scientists from the University of Flinders in Adelaide, and is the first vaccine candidate in the country to move on to Phase 2 clinical trials.
In the Phase 1 trial of 40 other people in July, the drug showed that it triggers an immune reaction opposite SARS-CoV-2 safely. Since then, the organization has obtained approval to verify the vaccine on more volunteers, adding high-risk Americans such as the elderly, youth, and even cancer patients.
Johnson-Johnson’s Janssen pharmaceutical corporations are also joining the vaccine race when they submitted their protective trials for their coronavirus vaccine following the promising effects of their monkey study. The vaccine has been shown to protect monkeys from the risks of COVID-19, as published in the journal Nature. The effects of the animal trial revealed that the vaccine six of the six monkeys opposed lung disease and five of the six monkeys opposed infection after exposure to the virus.
With promising results, researchers will conduct human trials in Belgium and the United States with more than 1,000 healthy elderly volunteers aged 18 to 55, adding some participants over 65. Participants will be assigned to get the vaccine candidate or a placebo. Trial.
The trial will begin at determined clinical sites in cities with underrepresented and underrepresented populations. In addition, there are plans for a Phase 1 in Japan and a Phase 2 in Spain, Germany and the Netherlands. If those tests are successful, corporate plans to begin Phase 3 studies, which will require more volunteers until September.
“We are pleased to see this preclinical knowledge, as it shows that our SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate generated a strong antibody reaction and coverage with a single dose. The effects give us confidence as we progress in vaccine progression and high-end production in parallel, having introduced a Phase 1/2a trial in July to move on to a Phase 3 trial in September,” said Dr. Paul Stoffels, Executive Committee Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, Johnson and Johnson.
The U.S. government supported the immunization effort with a $456 million investment to increase production of a vaccine that could stop the coronavirus pandemic. The United States has the number of infections, with 4.66 million cases shown and more than 154,000 deaths.
U.S. most sensitive infectious disease officer Anthony Fauci has asked for a warning about the protection of COVID-19 vaccines developed through China and Russia. Many corporations in China are leading the race to approve the first coronavirus vaccine involving the spread of the pandemic.
Meanwhile, Russia is recently presenting a candidate vaccine. He says he hopes to be the first in the world to produce a vaccine, September for approval and distribution.
Fauci added that the United States is unlikely to use a vaccine developed in any of the countries. It expects either country to check the vaccine before it is given to the public.
“Claims that a vaccine is in a position to be distributed before testing, I think, are problematic at best,” Fauci said.
“We’re going very fast. I don’t think there are vaccines, so far from us, that we’ll have to count on other countries to get vaccines,” he added.
Written by
Angela is a career and heart nurse. She graduated by far (Cum Laude) to earn her bachelor’s degree in nursing from Baguio University, Philippines. Lately she is completing her master’s degree where she specialized in maternal and child nursing and has worked as a clinical instructor and educator at the School of Nursing at the University of Baguio.
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