In a recent paper published in Andrology, researchers explored the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines BNT162b2 (Pfizer) on male fertility in sperm donors (DS) in Israel.
The progression of the COVID-19 vaccine is a medical achievement; however, the potentially harmful effects of COVID-19 vaccines on male fertility have raised some concerns. Studies have reported that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) interacts with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors to enter the host and that several testicular cells (Sertoli, Leydig, spermatozoa, and spermatogonia) express ACE2 receptors.
In addition, regulation of autophagy, orchitis, disorder and damage to the blood-testicular barrier caused by cytokine typhoon or excessive cytokine production has been reported to be observed in SARS-CoV-2 infections. Therefore, the harmful effects of COVID-19 on testosterone production and spermatogenesis appear to be apparent effects; however, the effects of studies focused on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in testicles and sperm are contradictory.
In the existing retrospective longitudinal multicenter study, researchers explored the effect of BNT162b2 vaccines on various sperm parameters in DS in Israel.
The examination included 220 semen samples from 37 sperm bank (SB) donors at Shamir, Sheba and Herzlyia medical centers in Israel. Study participants obtained double BNT162b2 vaccines, were (SARS-CoV-2) negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) investigation and/or serological tests, and had no symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
SD was considered vaccinated after one week of BNT162b2 vaccination at the time between February 1, 2021 and April 16, 2021. The examination was divided into 4 examination stages as follows: initial or pre-vaccination phase (T0) covering one or two donor-consistent semen samples, short-term assessment phase (T1), medium-term assessment phase (T2) and long-term assessment phase (T3).
Phases T1, T2 and T3 included 1 to 3 samples compatible with DS and were received 15 to 45 days, 75 to 120 days and after > 150 days of completion of vaccination, respectively. Motility and global motility number (CMT) were assessed after completion of vaccination with BNT162b2.
Statistical analyses were carried out using Generalized Estimated Equation (GEE) modeling and the paired T test or Wilcoxon test. Mean differences between phase T1, phase T2 and phase T3 compared to T0 were assessed by analyzing 1) only the initial pattern of each an SD and; 2) average pattern values of each SD through the phase.
Serum patterns of nine, 12 and 16 SD were collected from semen banks at Shamir, Sheba and Herzylia Medical Centers, resulting in 63 patterns, 78 patterns and 79 patterns for analysis. The average age of donors was 26 ± 4. 2 years. Serum base (T0) patterns were received prior to vaccination (≤2 serum patterns from each SD), and the average time periods for pattern collection after vaccination with BNT162b2 were 27 ± 10 days, 93 ± thirteen days, and 175 ± 27 days after vaccination. BNT162b2 for phase T1, phase T2 and phase T3, respectively.
Compared to phase T0, sperm concentration was reduced by 15. 4%, with a 22% relief in the total number of motilities in phase T2. Similarly, research of the first pattern only showed discounts on sperm concentrations of 12 x 106/ml and TMC. concentrations of 31 x 106 T2 phase sperm compared to T0 phase.
Considering the mean values of the sperm parameters, the corresponding discounts were 9. 5 x 106/ml and 27 x 106 spermatozoa respectively; however, the accounts recovered to phase T3, indicating that the adverse effects of BNT162b2 vaccination on male fertility were transient. It should be noted that no significant adjustments in sperm volume and motility were observed.
Overall, the effects of the study showed that sperm concentration decreased after 3 months of vaccination with BNT162b2 with the next recovery, motility and sperm volume remained largely unchanged. The effects indicated that BNT162b2 vaccines were safe for men of long-term childbearing potential. and assist in vaccine management. However, it is worth conducting additional studies with prospective studies of other vaccines and focused on subfertile patients among the general population rather than DS.
The authors that the study provided is the first of its kind to longitudinally assess sperm parameters after vaccination beyond the era of spermatogenesis in men and the study and that the brief decline in male fertility was due to the progression of febrile systemic immune responses. direct effects of BNT162b2 vaccines on testicular cells.
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Toshniwal Paharia, Pooja Toshniwal Paharia. (2022, June 21). That of the COVID-19 BNT162b2 vaccine on seminal parameters in sperm donors. Actualités-Médicale. Extracted on July 6, 2022 from https://www. news-medical. net/news/20220621/La–de-la-COVID -19-BNT162b2-vaccine-in-semen-parameters-between-semen-donorsArrayaspx.
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Toshniwal Paharia, Pooja Toshniwal Paharia. 2022. The effect of the COVID-19 BNT162b2 vaccine on semen parameters among semen donors. News-Medical, viewed 06 July 2022, https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220621/The-effect-of-the-COVID-19-BNT162b2-vaccine-on-semen-parameters-among-semen-donors.aspx.
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