Nearly a year after Franco’s remains were moved, Spain’s left-wing government on Tuesday approved a bill that will finance the exhumation of the victims of his dictatorship and the country’s 1936-1939 civil war that preceded him with piles of mass graves as a component of his efforts to heal the wounds of the past.
Activists estimate that more than 100,000 war victims and their aftermath remain buried in anonymous graves across Spain, a figure that Amnesty International says is only surpassed in Cambodia.
The so-called “democratic reminiscence law” passed on Tuesday through government president Pedro Sánchez will make the excavation of mass graves a “responsibility of the state”.
The bill, which has not yet been passed by Parliament, will also create a DNA database to identify remains discovered in mass graves, create a map of mass graves, and prevent state-funded establishments from glorificating the dictatorship.
Francisco Franco took strength after the civil war in which his nationalists defeated the Republicans, leaving the country in ruins and mourning for thousands of dead.
While Franco’s regime revered its own dead, it left its parties in conflict buried in unmarked graves scattered throughout the country.
The passage of time and the lack of documents on the executions have made it difficult to identify the victims.
– Cancellation of convictions –
It will allocate 750,000 euros ($890,000) to finance the bill by 2020, with 60% earmarked for the search for missing persons.
Memory, justice and reparation will have to be matters of state, today we take a new step in locating those who suffered the civil war and dictatorship with the law of democratic memory, today we are a little firmer wounds and we can take a look at the afterlife with more dignity,” Sanchez tweeted.
Under an earlier law on old reminiscences passed by a socialist government passed in 2007, the state has just offered assistance to families in locating and exhuming relatives buried in unmarked graves.
But that was withdrawn after the People’s Conservative Party came to force in 2011, claiming that it had unnecessarily opened old wounds.
Sánchez has made the rehabilitation of the patients of the time of dictator Francisco Franco one of his priorities since it came into force in 2018.
In October 2019, he pulled Franco’s remains out of a vast basilica in the Valley of the Dead near Madrid, where he was buried when he died in 1975, and transferred to a discreet circle of relatives on the plot of el Pardo cemetery on the outskirts. of the Spanish capital.
The bill approved on Tuesday calls for the transformation of Franco’s former mausoleum in the Valley of the Dead into an educational building on war and dictatorship.
It will also overturn the corrupt convictions of the warring parts of the dictatorship and appoint a prosecutor who will investigate human rights violations of civil war and dictatorship.
– ‘Scarecrow’ –
Previous attempts to bring to justice those guilty of the Franco-Spanish era in Spain have been blocked through the amnesty agreement signed by political leaders following Franco’s death.
The agreement was perceived as essential to avoid a spiral of agreements as they tried to unite the country and lead it towards democracy.
The Spanish government remains dependent on amnesty law by refusing to investigate the alleged atrocities of Francoism, despite UN requests for it to be abandoned.
The right accuses Sanchez of the bill to divert attention from his mismanagement of the coronavirus pandemic, which has claimed more than 30,000 lives in Spain, one of the highest tolls in the world.
“Whenever he’s in trouble, he takes Franco’s scarecrow out,” said Javier Maroto, spokesman for the main conservative opposition party People’s Party in the Senate.
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U. S. President Donald Trump warned Tehran that he will face serious retaliation from the military if reports that he planned to assassinate an American diplomat turn out to be true. “Any attack through Iran, in any form, opposed to the United States will result in an attack in Iran that will be 1,000 times greater. “Trump tweeted Monday night. The risk arises a day after Politico announced that Iran is facing an assassination attempt by Lana Marks, the U. S. ambassador to South Africa and a longtime friend of President Trump.
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