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HONG KONG – Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), corporate studies in Singapore, known as the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), have discovered a way not only to resist antibiotics, but also to develop the Sensitivity of Certain Bacteria, Hydrogen Sulfide.
In an article published in Frontiers in Microbiology on August 7, 2020, the study focused on how Acinetobacter baumannii, a pathogenic bacterium that produces hydrogen sulfide alone, reacts to compounds that release hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen disulfide is a fuel signaling molecule, such as nitric oxide. He has been involved in a variety of signaling processes.
Previous studies have shown that endogenous hydrogen sulfide production leads to tolerance to antibiotics. Hydrogen sulfide was primarily thought of as a universal defense mechanism for bacteria against antibiotics.
However, SMART’s team tested this theory by adding compounds that release hydrogen sulfide to A. Baumannii.
They found that instead of causing tolerance to antibiotics, exogenous hydrogen sulfide sensitized bacteria to various categories of antibiotics, and even opposed the acquired resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to gentamicin, an antibiotic commonly used to treat various types of infections.
A. baumannii, a component of the ESKAPE bacteria organization, considered to be the greatest threat to public health due to its extensive resistance to medicines, causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from urinary tract infections to pneumonia and even meningitis. All those situations are treated, with antibiotics and A. baumannii is resistant to multiple antibiotics.
The World Health Organization predicts that drug-resistant diseases can push another 24 million people into excessive poverty and cause catastrophic damage to the global economy by 2030. It is also estimated that antimicrobial resistance can cause only 10 million deaths by 2050 if no steps are being taken to address them.
Until now, hydrogen sulfide was thought to be a universal bacterial defense opposed to antibiotics. This is a very exciting discovery because we are the first to show that hydrogen sulfide can, in fact, sensitivity to antibiotics and even the opposite antibiotic resistance of the bacteria that do it. it doesn’t naturally produce the agent,” Wilfried Moreira, lead author of SMART studies and SMART’s lead researcher, told BioWorld Wilfried Moreira.
“Our effects recommend a way to repair resistance to certain antibiotics in A. baumannii and boost those that are still effective. However, these effects still need to be validated in preclinical models and through clinical stages. “
Since these effects want to be more validated, Moreira hesitates to comment on any possible marketing.
But he talked about some odds of how corporations can simply apply the effects of hydrogen sulfide-releasing compounds to their antibiotic regimens.
”One can simply believe in a combined treatment approach, i. e. an antibacterial formula consisting of a hydrogen sulfide-releasing compound and an antibiotic, with the aim of boosting antibiotics and/or restoring any resistance developed through bacteria to this antibiotic’,’ Wilfried said.
Researchers said the effects may be the same on other bacteria that produce hydrogen sulfide.
“These findings can spread to other bacteria that produce hydrogen sulfide. These bacteria may be potentially sensitive to the effect of antibiotic boosting/reversal of hydrogen sulfide resistance. This, however, has not yet been established in other bacteria,” Wilfried said. Said.
Say Yong Ng, lead editor of the smart lab paper and technologist, said the findings provide “a breakthrough in the remedy of many drug-resistant infections. “
SMART is MIT’s Singapore research company, founded through MIT in partnership with the Singapore National Research Foundation (NRF) in 2007. The Interdisciplinary Antimicrobial Resistance Research Group (IRGMA) is a translational and entrepreneurship curriculum that aims to address the development of threat,antimicrobial drug resistance.
Megan McBee, scientific director of IRG antimicrobial resistance at SMART, told BioWorld that SMART has taken on the challenge of dealing with some unusual situations caused by pathogens.
“Our organization of antimicrobial resistance studies has addressed the risk of drug-resistant microorganisms by defining new resistance mechanisms and the emergence of screening and artificial remedies that we hope will prevent these diseases in their path. This study is because antibiotic resistance is emerging in bacteria today. , and as COVID-19 has shown, lack of defenses can lead to global pandemics,” McBee said.
He added that THE AMR IRG is reading healing agents for the immune reaction, as well as the opposite resistance to medications used lately for bacterial infections. New diagnostic and monitoring technologies are also being prepared.
“My colleagues in the SMART Critical Analysis Program for Personalized Drug Manufacturing (CAMP) are running to drive the manufacturing of live cells that are tailored for each patient,” said McBee.
“CAMP groups aim at tactics that allow doctors to militarize a patient’s own cells as opposed to cancer invaders, so that only tumors are the target and everything else is left out. “
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