According to the study, published in the journal Nature Biotechnology, a rapid check is urgently needed to find neutralizing antibodies, capable of blocking the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, to facilitate monitoring of infection rates as well as for the efficacy of the vaccine in clinical trials.
To facilitate this, the researchers, adding those from Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore, have developed a new control that is much faster than traditional neutralizing antibody control, which takes only an hour or two to complete.
They claimed that the new method, validated in two COVID-19 patient teams in Singapore and Nanjing, China, requires the use of the live virus.
According to scientists, the existing baseline for neutralizing antibody detection requires the management of SARS-CoV-2 that lives in a three-level biosecurity laboratory containment facility, and takes time, two to 4 days.
Another analysis involving a pseudovirus-based neutralization check to trip over such antibodies can be conducted in a point two biosecurity lab, they said, but added that this also requires the use of viruses and living cells.
In existing research, scientists Lin-Fa Wang, Danielle Anderson and their colleagues have designed a virus neutralization control that requires the use of viruses or living cells.
“The virus neutralization check does not require biosecurity point 3 containment, which makes it widely accessible to the broader network for studies and clinical applications,” the researchers wrote in the study.
They said the new verification takes an hour or two and can be carried out in a biosecurity point laboratory two.
Researchers used the purified complex viral protein that binds to the host cell’s ACE2 surface receptor to mimic virus-host interaction.
According to scientists, this interaction can be blocked through express neutralizing antibodies in patient or animal serums in a traditional way to viral neutralization and pseudovirus tests.
The test noted that this control can also differentiate neutralizing antibodies from those that bind to the complex protein, but do not block the virus.
Following the laboratory results, the scientists validated the new checkup with two different teams of patients who recovered from COVID-19: 175 patients who had COVID-19 and two hundred healthy controls in Singapore, and 50 patients who had COVID-19 and two hundred healthy. controls in Nanjing.
They said verification can only distinguish between antibody responses to COVID-19 and other human coronavirus infections, such as cold-causing infections.
According to the study, it achieves a specificity of 99.93% and a sensitivity of 95 to 100%.
When researchers studied the specificity of their control for SARS-CoV-2, compared to the serum of the 2002-03 pandemic SARS virus taken from patients who had recovered from the last coronavirus outbreak, they noticed that sarS neutralizing antibodies were still detectable for 17 years. Years. Then.
Although virus neutralization verification may never be an absolute update to traditional virus verification, they stated that it worked well and, in some cases, may also be less difficult to use for many facets of COVID-19 research.
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