First design
Site theme
Sign up or log in to sign up for discussions!
Russia was one of the countries most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, but its reaction was a little …Unusual As many other countries have done, Russia has been working to expand its own vaccine, but while this progression was still under process, it announced that it would not wait for detailed protection data, but that it would deploy the vaccine to millions.Soon after, it became transparent that the country was going to conduct a standard, if important, Phase 3 clinical trial of 40,000 people..
It was difficult to judge whether all this was reasonable, as few major points about the vaccine themselves were available, but that was replaced on Friday, as the other people who developed the vaccine published the effects of the first clinical trials., turns out to be as effective as some of the other candidate vaccines that did so after initial trials.
As we mentioned in our previous policy, the vaccine is made up of two other modified viruses, involving the skeleton of an innocent virus, called adenovirus, designed to come with the gene that encodes the main surface protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.This protein, called Spike, is the one that uses coronavirus to stick and penetrate cells.The use of adenovirus allows the immune formula to be informed to recognize the Spike protein while the framework suffers an innocent adenovirus infection.
The challenge with this technique is that many other people have already found adenovirus and can expand a physically powerful immune reaction, which can cause side effects that resemble the body’s overall reaction to a viral infection (this has been observed in tests of an adenovirus).(a vaccine based on the virus evolved in China). But it can also restrict the immune reaction to the Spike protein, as the immune formula focuses on portions of the modified virus that are familiar.
To check the vaccine, researchers recruited two teams of 38 people.The first organization just won a single injection of an adenovirus designed to produce the Spike protein.At the time the organization gained the same initial injection, but continued with the withdrawal of another strain.adenovirus designed with Spike.
The concept behind the use of two other viruses is that even if the immune formula reacts to the adenovirus used in the first injection, it will not recently be able to attack the one used in the withdrawal.formula to focus on the only thing that is the same between those two viruses: the Spike protein.
Unsurprisingly, many of those who won the vaccine, with or without reinforcement, had side effects that resembled those you would have with a viral infection, such as fever, headache, general weakness, and muscle and joint pains.the only side effect noticed pain at the injection site.None of these effects were classified as severe, and all participants in the booster vaccine organization were able to continue and obtain withdrawal.
Of those who won a single injection, approximately 85% had developed express antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 two weeks later.Three weeks later, they all had antibodies to the virus.Similar numbers were observed in the injection group plus reinforcement.the memory of higher levels of antibodies.
Researchers also looked for the presence of neutralizing antibodies, which join the Spike protein to prevent it from interacting with and/or entering cells, although these antibodies are believed to be essential to protect against a viral infection.The extent to which this is true for SARS-CoV-2 has not yet been determined.In this case, the use of a booster injection made a big difference.Without this, less than two-thirds of participants generated neutralizing antibodies.they all did.
Another possible advantage of using a virus to administer the Spike protein is that it involves all the general characteristics of the immune reaction, be it antibody-producing B cells and T cells that recognize inflamed cells.Researchers showed that vaccination triggered a T cell.reaction in the participants, which would possibly lead to more physically powerful immunity.And they found that many of those T cells responded to the Spike protein than to adenovirus.
One of the maximum productive effects reported here is that, if an intact virus is wanted to work, the vaccine worked after being frozen (its effectiveness was not compared to a thawed vaccine), in fact, the researchers managed to generate an immune reaction that was only slightly reduced by using a vaccine that had been freeze-dried and then repeated in the water. Researchers say maximum vaccines will be administered from frozen reserves, but the freeze-dried edition will be used for communities that are not very accessible, of which Russia has several.
In general, here’s what you’d like to see before moving on to giantr testing: no primary-looking effects related to the production of an immune reaction that adds neutralizing antibodies, but giantr tests will be essential for several reasons.we want to know if there are rare but serious side effects that would possibly only become obvious in a wider population, and the time is that we want to know if the formation of neutralizing antibodies is protective, which can only be established by administration of the vaccine.to a population giant enough that some are inevitably exposed to SARS-CoV-2.
It is not the only vaccine based on developing adenovirus, and several of them are already moving into large-scale trials.If some succeed, they will most likely mean good news for others who are not as advanced.And if not, we’ll have to wait for one of the other technologies to pass a test.
The Lancet, 2020. DOI: 10.1016 / S0140-6736 (20) 31866-3 (About DOI).
Join the Ars Orbital Transmission email for weekly updates in your inbox.