Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), of the American Declaration of Independence and third president of the United States, was also a talented architect of neoclassical buildings. He designed Monticello (1769-1809), his plantation and ideal “college town” (1817-1826), which remains the center of the University of Virginia. Jefferson’s use of an architectural vocabulary grounded in classical antiquity symbolizes both the aspirations of the new American republic as heir to European culture and the cultural experimentation that might be expected as the country matured.
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), of the American Declaration of Independence and third president of the United States, was also a talented architect of neoclassical buildings. He designed Monticello (1769-1809), his plantation apartment, as well as his ideal “academic village” (1817-1826), which still bureaucracy the center of the University of Virginia. Jefferson’s use of an architectural vocabulary encouraged through classical antiquities symbolizes the aspirations of the new American republic as heir to European traditions and the experimental culture that can be expected as the country matures.
同时,他还是1769 and 1809, plus “学术村”, 那里至今仍然是弗吉尼亚大学的中心。 杰佛逊的设计在古典建筑基础 上添加了许多新元素，这也代表了当时美国想要作为欧洲传统 继承者的同时成为一个能够对文化进行再创新的成熟国家的渴望.
Thomas Джефферсон (1743-1826 гг. ), from the American declaration Независимости и третий президентСША, был также TALANTLIвым ARCHITEM ктором зданий зма. On the assignment of Montichello (1769-1809 гг. ), in the space of his plantations, and his ideal “university of development” (1817-1826 гг. ), которая до сих порявляется сердцевиной университета штата Виргиния. The career use of the leading architect of the old class, who is interested in America’s new duty, is based on the European tradition. This is the synchronised distribution of feed, which can be used on surrounding crops.
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), of the Declaration of Independence and third president of the United States of America, was also a talented neoclassical architect. He designed Monticello (1769-1809), his plantation house, and the ideal “college town” (1817-1826), which today stands at the center of the University of Virginia. His vision of architecture, founded on the ancient classical era, reflects only the aspirations of a new American republic inherited from the European tradition, but also the degree of cultural experimentation that can be expected from the country at a time that is on its way to maturity.
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), director of the U. S. State Administration and last president of Verenigde Staten. Daarnaast is its talented neoclassical class architect. From 1769 to 1809 there was the Monticello Plantation House and from 1817 to 1826, the ideal “academische dorp” which is now the center of the University of Virginia. Jefferson based his paintings on the classical architect Oudheid. Today it is evident that his activities have had ten years of the new American republic as the erfgenaam of the European tradition, but also criticisms of cultural reports have so far been the words of the nation’s Volsen.
Brief Summary
Monticello was the plantation of Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), the American Declaration of Independence and third president of the United States. He designed the plantation space (1769-1809) and his ideal educational village (1817-1828), located 8 miles away in Charlottesville, central Virginia. The Academic Village still bureaucrazes the center of the University of Virginia and features an exclusive U-shaped plan ruled by the rotunda with pavilions, hotels, student rooms, and gardens arranged in rows to the south. The buildings are excellent and highly personalized examples of neoclassicism, exemplified through their dating in the natural environment and their combination of functionalism and symbolism. They are based on an extensive study of classic and new examples and reflect Jefferson’s aspirations about the character of the new American republic. Both works attracted foreign attention from the moment they were built.
Jefferson’s Monticello and its Academical Village community are noted for the originality of their plans and designs, as well as the refinement of their proportions and decoration. Its Monticello space, with its dome, its porticoes supported by Doric columns, its cornices and friezes derived from classical Roman buildings, and its school village, with its Pantheon-inspired rotunda and its ten pavilions, provide another lesson in classical orders. The architecture and architecture drawn from published classical models, in combination, invoke the ideals of ancient Rome related to freedom, nobility, self-determination, and prosperity connected with schooling and agricultural values.
Criterion (i): Monticello and the University of Virginia reflect Jefferson’s extensive reading of the classics and past works on architecture and design, as well as his careful examination of the architecture of past eighteenth-century Europe. As such, they illustrate their wonderful diversity of interests.
Criterion (iv): With those buildings, Thomas Jefferson made a significant contribution to Neoclassicism, the eighteenth-century movement that adapted bureaucracy and the main points of classical architecture into new buildings.
Criterion (vi): Monticello and the key buildings of the University of Virginia are materially related to the concepts and ideals of Thomas Jefferson. The University and Monticello buildings were fostered through principles derived from his deep wisdom of classical architecture and philosophy.
Integrity
Within the barriers of Monticello and the University of Virginia at Charlottesville are all the mandatory elements to perceive and make explicit the Outstanding Universal Value of the assets, including, at Monticello, the space and the central domain of heritage, which preserves the character of the space located in the picturesque mountains of southwestern Virginia Piedmont; and, at the University of Virginia, all of the key buildings of Jefferson Academic Village and their related landscape features. Assets are long enough to adequately ensure the full representation of the characteristics and processes that convey the importance of the assets. There is no buffer zone for assets.
The Monticello home is intact and unchanged beyond a few mid-20th-century physical repairs, including placing metal beams on the floors and adding temperature and humidity controls. Land has been acquired, much of which is placed on a conservation easement, to ensure a view from the top of the mountain. The University of Virginia continues to raise its standards for managing the Jeffersonian community and has instituted systematic movements to conserve and maintain buildings. The overall integrity of the many parts is remarkably good, considering their constant use. Heritage does not suffer negative effects due to progression and/or abandonment.
Authenticity
“Monticello and the University of Virginia at Charlottesville” are necessarily original in terms of form and design, fabrics and substance, places and environments and, for the university’s educational village, their uses and functions. The assets owned by the Thomas Jefferson Foundation at Monticello are a large component of the original land owned by Jefferson. Monticello was never much altered after his death. In addition, the Foundation carried out archaeological surveys for the location of paths, gardens, and other landscape features.
The University’s Jeffersonian Quarter has been frequently used for its original purposes since its construction. Only the Rotunda has been extensively altered: a large chimney that nearly destroyed the building in 1895 was followed by a reclamation and reconfiguration designed by architect Stanford White. with full understanding of Jefferson’s inspirational resources. A Jeffersonian interior was recreated in the Rotunda in the 1970s. Extensions were made to the rear of most of the pavilions and the lawn behind them was redesigned in the mid-20th century in a neo-colonial style. taste based on the design of the lawn and the old plants of the early nineteenth century.
The biggest threats to assets are the progression of advertising in Monticello’s giant hangar and, for the Academic Villa, relative humidity, pollutants and invasive species. The Thomas Jefferson Foundation is addressing the problems of progression, and the University is addressing the persistent problems of humidity, it has installed scrubbers. at its coal-fired power plant to reduce emissions and inoculates trees against the emerald ash borer.
Protection and control requirements.
Monticello is owned and managed through the Thomas Jefferson Foundation, Inc. , a personal nonprofit organization. Jefferson’s Academical Village neighborhood, managed as a component of the University of Virginia, is owned by the Commonwealth of Virginia. Monticello and Historic Virginia University District (which includes the university’s Academic Village and Rotunda) were designated through the Secretary of the Interior as National Historic Landmarks in 1960 and 1971, respectively. The Rotunda was also designated separately in 1965.
The explicit purpose of the Thomas Jefferson Foundation is to maintain Monticello as a national monument, and it has a team of professionals for this painting. A detailed strategic plan (2012), adding a tourism plan, is complemented by a report on historical layouts (1991) and a recovery master plan (1996). The Foundation also maintains strong contacts with local government bodies. A guest center offers facilities and interpretation, as well as ticketing and guest services. The University of Virginia, an enterprise of the Commonwealth of Virginia, receives treatment through the Virginia Historical Resources Board, which, under state law, reviews all major settings of the Academic Village, as does the Review Board of Virginia Art and Architecture. The University employs a multidisciplinary team of preservation professionals and artisans to plan, manage and execute paintings on the buildings and landscape of the historic district. The Historic Preservation Advisory Committee includes preservation professionals and university members from the University of Virginia, and advises the university architect on proposed projects. A historic design report exists for the Academic Village and others have been commissioned for nine of the district’s individual buildings. The first component of a report on the district’s cultural landscape was also completed. Archaeological investigations precede any significant underground alteration, similar to design or landscaping projects. The University followed a “Planning Framework and Design Guidelines for the Academic Village” in 2011. The “University of Virginia Historic Preservation Master Plan” (2007) also provides guidance for post-Jefferson designs within the campus. The Academic Village district does not yet have a formal monitoring plan, nor do the World Heritage properties as a whole. However, there is a strong cooperative and collaborative relationship between Monticello and the University of Virginia. Preserving the Outstanding Universal Value of assets over time will require a built-in planning technique that ensures that the authenticity and integrity of the assets are not compromised by known or potential threats, adding progression and environmental factors.