The colonial city of Valparaíso is an example of nineteenth-century urban and architectural evolution in Latin America. In its amphitheater-like herbaceous surroundings, the town is characterized by a vernacular urban fabric adapted to the hillsides dotted with a wide variety of church towers. This contrasts with the geometric design of the plain. The city has well preserved its attractive old commercial infrastructure, such as the numerous “elevators” on the steep slopes.
The colonial city of Valparaiso is an example of the urban and architectural progression of the nineteenth century in Latin America. In its surroundings in the form of a herbaceous amphitheater, the city is characterized by a vernacular urban fabric adapted to the hills, in contrast to the geometric design. It is used on the plain, and presents a formal unity in front of which stands a wonderful diversity of church bell towers. Valparaiso retains attractive infrastructures from the beginning of the commercial era, such as the numerous “funiculars” on the hillside.
城市地理位置如同一个圆形露天剧场,布局非常有特色,山腰上到处可见本国的城市建筑,其中还点缀着星罗棋布的教堂 例如”起卸机”.
The colonial era from the prelude to the structure of colonial architecture and the architecture of Latin America in the nineteenth century. He has set up shop in an outdoor amphitheater and has no room for him in personal cinemas, allowing him to move on to school. There are many probabilities and probabilities for the form of the production service. This contrasts with geometric planning, mainly in the region. Currently, commercial infrastructure corporations complete the range, adding many modules, preconfigurations of holmov licenses.
The colonial city of Valparaiso is a remarkable example of Latin America’s urban and architectural progression in the late nineteenth century. Framed in a herbaceous site in the form of an amphitheatre, the city is characterised by a classical urban complex suitable for surrounding hills, which contrast with the geometric layout used on the flat terrain. In its urban landscape, endowed with a formal unity, there is a great variety of church bell towers. The village has retained some attractive structures for the start of the trading era, for example the multiple funiculars that are aimed at the steep loaders of the hills.
Valparaiso is located in a gigantic town in Chile, on the gentle Pacific coast, a hundred kilometers north of Santiago. At the end of the 19th century, the colony had an architect’s commission for the young globalization, in one of the wonderful artisan houses. Valparaiso has an herbal amphitheater and a word created through a solid character who has overcome the centuries who has been helped through a wonderful era of transition towards traders. There is a lot of attractive commercial infrastructure: structural spaces “raised” in metal from Hellingen, which is owned by them.
Brief Summary
Located on the central Pacific coast of Chile, the historic center of the port city of Valparaiso represents a clear example of the industrial heritage related to the foreign maritime industry of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The locality was the first and greatest nucleus of life. Merchant port on the sea routes of the Pacific coast of South America that connected the Atlantic and Pacific oceans through the Strait of Magellan. He had a major impact on his region from the 1880s until the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914. From that date on, its progression slowed down, allowing its port and its unique urban fabric to survive, an exceptional testimony to the beginnings of globalization.
Valparaíso’s historic quarter is located on the coastal plain and part way up the steep surrounding hills, where the city first developed. It is composed of five interlaced neighbourhoods: La Matriz Church and Santo Domingo Square, located between the hills and the plain and comprised of the church and late 19th-century buildings typical of the seaport architecture; Echaurren Square and Serrano Street, predominantly commercial in character and marked by the presence of the Port Market, commercial establishments and active street trade; Prat Pier and Sotomayor and Justicia squares, comprising the main transversal axis of the area and containing the largest public spaces; the Prat Street and Turri Square area around the foothill, featuring a number of examples of monumental architecture; and the two hills of Cerro Alegre and Cerro Concepción, a single neighbourhood planned and developed to a large extent by German and English immigrants, with squares, viewing points, promenades, alleyways, stairways and the top stations of some of Valparaíso’s distinctive funicular elevators.
The exceptional character of the historic center of Valparaíso results from the combination of 3 factors, all linked to its role as a port: its specific geographical and topographic environment; its urban forms, layout, infrastructure and architecture; and its appeal and influence to other people around the world. The character of Valparaíso was strongly marked through the geography of its location: the bay, the narrow coastal plains (largely artificial) and the steep hills marked by mixed ravines formed the amphitheater layout of the town. The adaptation of the built environment to those difficult geographical situations produced an avant-garde and artistic urban complex that emphasized the specificities of each architectural object, anchored in the technological and entrepreneurial spirit of the time. In keeping with its preeminence, the city was populated and influenced by people from all over the world. The urban fabric and cultural identity of Valparaíso are thus highlighted through a diversity that differentiates it from other Latin American cities. From an urban planning point of view, the result of this geographical challenge, this modernizing impulse and this intercultural discussion is an absolutely original American town with the imprint of the late 19th century.
Criterion (iii) Valparaiso is a remarkable testimony to the first phase of globalization in the late nineteenth century, when it was the main trading port on the sea routes of the Pacific coast of South America.
Integrity
Within the boundaries of the property are located all the elements necessary to express the Outstanding Universal Value of the Historic Quarter of the Seaport City of Valparaíso, including the urban layout, public spaces and buildings, which range from very simple houses to monumental buildings in a variety of construction techniques, styles and adaptations to the landscape; the port and naval heritage as exemplified by Prat Pier and the customs and naval services buildings; the transportation infrastructure, including funicular elevator and trolley systems typical of the period; and a number of expressions of intangible heritage, all of which illustrate the historic quarter of the seaport city of Valparaíso’s leading role in the global commercial trade associated with the late 19th century industrial era. Without minimising the conservation challenges inherent to a living port city, the property has maintained its integrity.
Authenticity
The historic center of the port city of Valparaíso is necessarily original in terms of general bureaucracy and designs, fabrics and substances, uses and services, as well as location and environment. It has largely retained the key features of its heyday in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, adding its urban elements, architecture, transportation systems and parts of its port infrastructure. These essential features are original and have been maintained with continuity of use and serve, as well as the dating of the assets in relation to the landscape and, specifically, the layout of the “amphitheater” has also been preserved.
However, the historic center of Valparaiso has difficult situations to overcome in order to guarantee its authenticity, especially in terms of conservation and urban control. Damage to several buildings caused by a fire in 2007 and a first earthquake in 2010 is being repaired.
Protection and control requirements.
The Historic Centre of the Port City of Valparaíso, a set of public and movable assets, is administered through the Municipal Heritage Management Service, which is responsible in particular for ensuring the control of the assets. The 23. 2 ha of heritage and a large part of its 44. 5 ha of buffer zone are designated as a National Monument and are overseen through the National Monuments Council of Chile. The Ministry of Housing and Urban Development also oversees the entire domain under the historic preservation zone established on the domain, which extends beyond the asset barriers and buffer zone. This domain covers two-thirds of the city, with reference to both the herbal amphitheater that characterizes the entire urban domain (defined through Avenida Alemania – the hundred-meter point – from Cerro Playa Ancha to Cerro Esperanza) and the City Plan (El Almendral domain).
In order to maintain the Outstanding Universal Value of the assets over time, it will be mandatory to complete, approve and put into effect the comprehensive plan for the control and conservation of the assets, and to ensure monetary resources for their conservation. Of particular importance is the reactivation and valorization of sectors in crisis and with social problems. In addition, efforts at economic progress (both tourism and trade) will have to be reconciled with the express nature of these sectors and with the considerations of their traditional population. It is also mandatory to safeguard infrastructure similar to the former purposes of the port and underwater heritage and to ensure the sustainability of classic transport systems (funiculars and trams). Known and potential threats and hazards will also need to be addressed, adding critical utility infrastructure (e. g. water, gas, electricity), curtain vulnerabilities (e. g. wood-boring insect threat), as well as herbal bugs (earthquakes, floods, fires).
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