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Food safety is a central priority for many emerging markets in 2022, in the post-pandemic context of supply chain crises, herbal errors and high commodity prices.
While the United Nations’ current Sustainable Development Goal, enacted in 2015, aims to end hunger by 2030, The Economist’s Global Food Security Index (GFSI) has declined over the past 3 years, after peaking in 2019.
In 2020, an additional 2. 4 billion people, about 30 percent of the world’s population, lacked good enough food sources.
In reaction to these realities, several emerging markets have begun to take innovative steps to develop food security at the national, regional and global levels.
In fact, the fifth day of the COP27 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, held in November 2022, focused on adaptation and agriculture, with the aim of increasing the resilience of food systems to the spread of climate change. disasters, adding floods in Pakistan and West and Central Africa.
While the pandemic has highlighted the importance of global supply chains and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has exacerbated those problems, climate change-related mistakes — droughts and floods — caused the most damage to global food security in 2022.
Significant funding will be required for emerging markets to expand disaster-proof agricultural sectors. According to a 2021 report through the Global Center for Adaptation, sub-Saharan Africa will want $15 billion in annual investments to adopt climate-resilient food and agricultural systems.
However, the charge of inaction would amount to $201 billion a year, according to a 2021 report by the Global Center for Adaptation.
Led through the African Development Bank (AfDB), Africa’s Climate-Smart Agriculture Programme for Food Security, Adaptation and Mitigation in Africa 2018-25 aims to scale up climate-smart agricultural practices across the continent, and the AfDB is committed to mobilizing $25 billion in financing between 2020 and 2025.
Some emerging markets are turning to generation to fight floods, which have destroyed an estimated $21 billion in agricultural and livestock products worldwide over the past decade.
Malaysia has a world leader in deploying forecasting and monitoring technologies, with the country’s Department of Irrigation and Drainage implementing its National Flood Warning and Forecasting System by the end of 2022.
Flood-resistant crops, such as the Underwater Rice widely grown in the Philippines, which can remain underwater for up to 14 days, have also helped limit food losses.
Floating armatures offer more security against emerging waters. More than 6,000 farmers in the deltas of southwestern Bangladesh have grown crops and vegetables on invasive hyacinth rafts.
Meanwhile, in more arid climates, the Kuwait Institute of Scientific Research and the Dubai International Centre for Biosaline Agriculture are investigating how to expand drought- and salt-tolerant crop varieties.
As climate-smart agriculture seeks and increases yields, regional industrial agreements and advances in agribusiness make food more available and affordable.
Following industry disruptions at the beginning of the pandemic, the GCC followed a proposal by Kuwait to establish special provisions at border and customs checkpoints that will facilitate the movement of food and medical materials within the six-member bloc.
Elsewhere, the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), which was introduced in January 2021, serves to facilitate cross-border industry for a market of more than one billion consumers. Once all signatories ratify the AfCFTA, the continent will be the largest. Dominance of loose industry in the world.
According to the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, by 2040, AfCFTA is expected to develop inter-African industry by 40-50%, making regional agricultural production chains more resilient to the effects of climate change.
Domestic agribusinesses can some emerging markets capitalize on the price of their existing production levels while reducing the need for imports.
Seeking to stimulate job and price creation, Nigeria has turned to agribusiness to fuel economic expansion. The processing of agricultural products in the country will also contribute to reducing long-term food costs, which weigh on consumers, while agriculture accounts for approximately 25% of GDP.
Globally, the June assembly of the World Trade Organization in Geneva saw the lifting of restrictions on the export of food purchased for non-commercial humanitarian purposes through the United Nations World Food Programme, as well as a subsidy agreement for undeclared illegal products. and unregulated fisheries, which threaten global fisheries.
The focus on agrotechnology, water control and green energy characterizes much of the resolution of food production. Improved agricultural inputs and increased access to agricultural technologies helped constrain GFSI 2022 declines, with all regions except sub-Saharan Africa performing above the global average.
In Africa, investment for agricultural technology startups increased from $4. 3 million in 2016 to $95. 1 million in 2021, with a backlog of more than 60% between 2020 and 2021. There are around 280 agricultural technology corporations on the continent that supply ranging from production drones for agricultural purposes to e-commerce platforms that connect farmers with traders and distributors.
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine underscored the importance of agricultural self-sufficiency, as it threatens about 29% of the world’s wheat supply, as well as a significant amount of barley, corn and cooking oil globally.
The shock has had a disproportionate impact on MENA countries due to the region’s dependence on imported food. Before the pandemic, GCC countries imported around 85% of their food.
Between government plans and initial solutions, other countries in the MENA region are racing towards food security. Saudi Arabia’s Sustainable Rural Agricultural Development Programme 2018-25 and the State of Qatar Food Security Project Plan 2019-23 are notable examples of the steps taken across the public sector to make some self-sufficiency.
Greenhouse infrastructure is an important agricultural innovation in the MENA region, where arable land accounts for less than 5% of land dominance in most countries. cultivation.
Since food production accounts for a constant percentage of freshwater use, water scarcity poses a direct risk to food security.
Due to weather conditions, all GCC members are trying to develop their desalination capacity, employing renewable energy to reduce prices and increase efficiency. China is adopting a similar approach after a heat wave and drought in the summer.
In March, the World Bank approved a $180 million loan to Morocco for water governance and irrigation technologies, a program designed to help 16,000 farmers meet their water needs.
In Kuwait, a sustainable farm allocation is being made for freshwater intake and increased production through technological innovation. The site, whose final touch is scheduled for 2025, will house sunny green spaces, lakes for aquaculture and an agricultural waste recycling unit.
Emerging markets are also encouraging the adoption of a diversity of select food products, many of which offer a reduced carbon footprint.
The plant-based meat industry, for example, is expected to generate $16. 7 billion in profits through 2026, led by startups such as Thailand’s NR Instant Produce, Brazil’s Fazenda Futuron and Chile’s NotCo.
Insect farming has significant potential in emerging markets, with 1 kg of insect protein requiring 10% water, energy and area and generating 1% of the greenhouse fuel emissions of the amount of beef.
The cultivation of black soldier flies for livestock feed in Kenya has improved yields and reduced dependence on imported animal feed, while Colombia is subsidizing the practice of cutting off the illegal cultivation of coca leaves for cocaine production.
Aquaculture is a key way to improve food security in emerging markets, especially for products such as crustaceans and algae, which require little space, do not need new water and remove carbon from the environment as they grow.
Aquaculture activity in sub-Saharan Africa has grown by 11% since 2000, double the global average of 6%, providing sustainable jobs and food systems to a region with the highest rates of poverty and food insecurity.
The World Wide Fund for Nature predicts that global seaweed aquaculture could grow by up to 12% according to the year. which focuses on developing tropical seaweed, a mechanized catamaran for harvesting and planting, can increase edible seaweed production beyond its classic East Asian markets.
By Oxford Business Group
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