Health officials who fought Ebola during the world’s deadliest outbreak of the disease in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea have resurrected the tools they used during that crisis to stave off the coronavirus. Initially this led to a swift and coordinated response, and these nations have kept the number of infections low compared to many other countries around the world. But coronavirus is presenting additional challenges, and cases are on the rise.
When COVID-19 made the first impression in the region between mid-March and last March, fitness officials used subtle methods for the 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak, adding isolating other people who tested positive for the virus and quading those who would possibly have to come into contact with it. Matrix These movements probably decreased the spread of the virus. The occurrence of COVID-19 reported in the 3 West African countries, between 2 and five cases consistent with another 10,000 people, is at least 12 times lower than that of South Africa and 22 times lower than that of the United States. “We revel in Ebola, so political will was there from the beginning,” says Mosoka Fallah, director of Liberia’s National Institute of Public Health.
But infection rates are spreading for complex reasons. Researchers in these West African countries say it is difficult to trip over infections due to asymptomatic cases among an incredibly young population. Another challenge is that the 3 countries are among the poorest in the world and that their fitness systems lack the resources for staff and care of others with the disease.
Fallah says slowing down the virus’s transmission has become somewhat complicated as it reaches poor communities without running water or electricity. There, other people assign percentages of latrines and wells and move on to markets to buy food that can’t be stored at home. He says: “My concern is that the coronavirus will begin to spread from the rich to the deficient, where social estrangement is almost impossible.”
As the coronavirus spread in January, Fallah met with Liberian President George Weah to shape an organization that administers coronavirus that included several of the same physicians and public fitness experts who led the Ebola response. The organization has resurrected the main pillars of the outbreak response. This included obtaining coronavirus tests from the World Health Organization (WHO), coordinating other people’s organizations to insinuate contacts, and communicating messages of fitness to the public. In operations centers in the capitals of the 3 countries, all organizations operating in COVID-19 began to meet to adapt responses to the most recent situations, as they had done during the Ebola epidemic.
Tolbert Nyenswah, former director of the Liberian Institute of Public Health, said the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) helped teach these strategies to physical health officials about the Ebola outbreak. Now founded in Baltimore, Maryland, as a researcher at Johns Hopkins University, Nyenswah said he was surprised that the CDC had minimized those essential procedures in his own country. “I was surprised to see that the United States suffers by perceiving what touch search is, to organize a response, to establish a threat communication,” he says.
Coronavirus teams running in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea have to stick to China’s leadership; isolate anyone who is positive, regardless of symptoms. Very poor health, other people go to the hospital, while those who have no symptoms or mild illness are sent to special services until they have a negative result. Baimba Idriss, a doctor at Army Hospital 34 in Freetown, Sierra Leone, says the isolation of the house is impractical in the country. “A young user would possibly be healthy, but he lives with his grandmother, his aunts, his neighbors, and we have to break that chain of transmission, and also monitor other people so that, if they have difficulty breathing, we can treat them. early.” He says.
But Idriss says that an increasing number of others check positive rejections to move to isolation facilities, especially as we are informed that many other people never want medical attention. And he says some other people don’t pay attention to public fitness recommendations for wearing a face mask because they’re not involved enough with the disease. “With COVID, other people die, but it’s not as terrible as Ebola,” Idriss says.
Idriss and other doctors and researchers suspect that the virus may cause a milder disease in sub-Saharan African countries compared to other countries because populations are younger. According to World Bank statistics, more than 40% of others in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea are under the age of 15 and only 3% are over 65 years old. And Sierra Leone and Liberia have the same coVID-19 case death rate as the United States, around 4%, John Nkengasong, director of the African CDC founded in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, says he suspects there are many asymptomatic cases. undetected. Guinea and many other countries in sub-Saharan Africa have case rates of less than 2%.
Yet, as infections climb, the number of people in need of serious medical care has mounted, too. This concerns Idriss because hospitals in Sierra Leone are already running out of beds, basic medicines, disinfectants and fuel for vehicles to carry severely ill people to hospitals. Issa French, a nurse at Kenema Government Hospital in Sierra Leone, says his team lacks protective gear, gloves and face masks. “We’re using what we have left over from Ebola,” he says.
In addition, some fitness staff members say they have not been paid for two months and have stopped going to the paintings accordingly. The challenge has also interrupted the Ebola response, which has led to movements among fitness staff. “Because we were never paid what we were owed to Ebola, I made the decision not to threaten my life anymore for COVID,” says Christopher White, an ambulance driving force at Kenema Hospital. A report from the Center for Global Development, a group of experts in Washington DC, estimates that these challenges are likely to worsen as COVID-19 industry closures and outages damage the economies of low-income countries. Current trends recommend that declining economies generate $2 billion relief in fitness budgets in all low-income countries between 2020 and 2024.
Lack of investment for staff and fitness materials can already lead to a build-up of deaths from COVID-19 and other causes, adding childbirth and malaria. White says many other people in Kenema stay home when they don’t feel well because they don’t accept them as true with the hospital treating them properly, given the lack of materials and staff. Marta Lado, an infectious disease specialist founded in Kono, Sierra Leone, with the nonprofit Partners in Health, agrees. She says that although philanthropists have donated enthusiasts to the country, Sierra Leone cannot use them because it lacks a body of staff trained to use the equipment as well as extensive care units. Basic desires, such as insulin, antibiotics, gloves and oxygen turbines, are much more urgent, she says. In all 3 countries, COVID-19 tests are now beginning to fail due to the festival in the global market. And helping clinics across the country fill staff and buy materials has slowed down a network, he adds.
The stage in Guinea is different from that of its neighbors. Cases are twice as high, however, the mortality rate from July 20 is lower, only 0.6%. One of the explanations for why this biggest epidemic may be political turmoil. Media reports reported on the violent crackdown on opposition teams before and after Guinea’s President Alpha Condé changed the statute to extend his rule to a third term. And deaths can seem artificially low if other people die at home and are not tested. However, Billy Sivahera, a physician and public suitability trained in the nonprofit ALIMA, founded in the Guinean capital, Conakry, says some other explanation as to why the city’s hospitals treat serious cases effectively, and who have enough area to treat much more. However, he says, “if the epidemic sinks deeper into the country outside Conakry, other people will not have the same access to smart hospital care.”
Researchers in Sierra Leone and Liberia are also involved in the spread of the epidemic in rural areas due to poor out-of-town clinical care. Nkengasong calls on communities in Africa’s weakest countries to do all they can to prevent the spread of the virus through social estrangement, quarantine and masking. According to WHO, the number of instances shown in sub-Saharan Africa increased by 27% at the time of the week of July. “If we get to the stage in the United States and South Africa,” he says, “it’s going to catch up on the tests and touch the search.”
Nature 583, 667-668 (2020)
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