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The World Health Organization has declared Africa polio-free. The continent’s last case of wild polio was recorded 4 years ago in northeastern Nigeria. Now there are only two countries on Earth where the virus remains endemic: Afghanistan and Pakistan. not over: in rare cases, infections can be caused by the oral polio vaccine. These vaccine-derived polio strains can spread to spaces where many young people have not been vaccinated, so vaccination will need to continue.
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Dengue cases were reduced by 77% in an “astonishing” way after researchers released mosquitoes that were changed to be resistant to the virus. These mosquitoes bring the dengue-blocking Wolbachia bacteria, which then spreads through local mosquito populations. it was six months in randomly designated parts of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, as of 2016. The effects have been reported in press releases, and full knowledge has still been published.
Nature 6 min read
Reference: University of California, Berkeley press release
Why america is experiencing a knowledge crisis
Political interference, disorganization, and years of oblivion in controlling knowledge of public aptitude mean that the United States is flying blindly with respect to coronavirus. Compared to leading countries such as Korea, Singapore and New Zealand, the country provides very little detail on how the disease spreads, even if blocking measures are easier. Scientists are frustrated that the pandemic has so much political burden that they can’t get the knowledge they want to help the government save lives.
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Monkey shortages hamper U. S. drug efforts
Monkey verification is an final step before starting human testing of COVID-19 drugs and vaccines; however, in the United States, the well is dry. Testing of these medicines and vaccines is in increased global demand, and China, which provided 60% of the nearly 35,000 monkeys imported for studies in the United States last year, has stopped exporting them. scholars are competing for permission to control monkeys in primate study centers run by the National Institutes of Health, but the maximum is rejected. “I have to say, ‘I’m sorry, we can’t start your studies. ‘”says infectious disease scholar Koen Van Rompay, who runs one of the centers.
The minutes of the Atlantic
Age is the greatest predictor of who will die
Four studies (three of which have not yet been peer-reviewed) in Spain, England, Italy and Geneva, Switzerland, highlight the infection mortality rate (IFR), which is the proportion of other people inflamed with the virus, adding those who have not been tested or have symptoms, who will die as a result. They all found that IFR close to 0 among other younger people and higher markedly from the age of 50. For 1,000 other people inflamed, about 116 will die. Men are also nearly twice as likely as women to die from the disease.
Nature 6 min reading
Read more: Scientific American explores why age and sex increase the threat of serious fit, as well as the influence of other factors, such as underlying situations and social inequalities. (14-minute reading, August 20)
Reference: medRxiv preprint 1, medRxiv preprint 2, medRxiv preprint 3
While death estimates are to perceive the threat of viral spread to others in other age groups, they do not tell the full history of COVID-19 registration, infectious disease researcher Marm Kilpatrick says. (Nature)
Antibiotics are one of the top categories of drugs in the world. However, many of the corporations that expand them are struggling to survive. For more than two years, the corporations that have manufactured five of the five antibiotics approved through the US Food and Drug Administration in 2010 have filed for bankruptcy or have been put up for sale. Nature studies the bitter paradox that hinders efforts to solve one of humanity’s greatest challenges.
Nature thirteen minutes of reading
The 10-year reproducibility challenge requires scientists to locate and rerun the old code to reproduce calculation-based articles they had published a decade or more earlier. Out-of-the-ordinary curtains and dead programming languages are among the obstacles. researchers will have to deal with how the code can be made more resilient to change. “Ten years is a very, very, very, very long era in global software,” says Victoria Stodden, who studies the reproducibility of calculations. “At least equivalent in the world of software to infinity. “
Nature 12 min reading
While it is to ensure the reproducibility of calculations over time, these methods can maximize their possibilities.
Code workflows in point-and-click interfaces, such as Excel, are not reproducible. Save your calculations and knowledge manipulation in your code.
Document Use comments, notebooks, and README files on how your code works and to outline the expected parameters and computational environment required.
Save Make a note of the key parameters, such as the “intro” values that are used to start a random number generator. These logs allow you to replay runs, look for errors, and track unexpected results.
Test Create a set of verification functions. Use positive and negative control datasets to make sure you get the effects you expect, and run those progression controls to eliminate insects as they occur.
Guide Create a master script (for example, a “run. sh”) file that downloads the required knowledge sets and variables, runs your workflow, and provides an apparent access point to your code.
Archive GitHub is a popular but impermanent online repository. Files like Zenodo, Figshare and Software Heritage promise long-term stability.
Tracking Use editing teams such as Git to record your assignment history. Note the edit you used to create each result.
Package Create containerization equipment for out-of-the-box computing environments (for example, Docker, Singularity), Web Services (Ocean Code, Gigantum, Binder), or Virtual Environment Managers (Conda).
Automate Use continuous integration features (for example, Travis CI) to automatically verify your code over time and in IT environments.
Simplify third-party code libraries that are difficult to install or difficult to install that can complicate reuse.
Verify Verify the portability of your code by running it in multiple computing environments.
Are you a study scientist, a new year of education at a university?We’d like to know how your painting evolves amid the pandemic. Respond to our survey (or take us safely) here.
Go beyond hope to save what’s left of climate change, says marine biologist Ayana Elizabeth Johnson, co-editor of a new crisis control essay eBook (The Washington Post).
It is to be back at Briefing Towers (my attic) after two weeks of rejuvenation in the woods. In case you missed it, here’s another chance to enjoy our very special ‘locate the penguin’. Leif Penguinson, Passepartout, Heidi, Guino Pinguino and Bosworth the Floating One are frolicking in Fantasy Canyon, Utah. Can you locate the five penguins? When you’re ready, here’s the answer.
Flora Graham, Senior Editor, Nature Briefing
With contributions from Nicky Phillips and David Cyranoski