September 29, 2020 – An experimental vaccine against the virus that causes COVID-19 appears to generate more antibodies in other people over the age of 70 than even in middle-aged adults.
If the antibody responses observed in the study translate into coverage against infection, the effects may mean that the elderly, the population most affected by COVID, can benefit from strong coverage of the shots. Deaths from COVID-19 in the United States are adults over the age of 65.
The vaccine, mRNA-1273, is manufactured through the pharmaceutical company Moderna and uses a new type of generation to convince the framework to produce an immune reaction to the virus.
Basically, the commands to produce the complex protein in the new coronavirus are injected into the frame, where they are absorbed through our cells, which then use those commands to produce the protein, which is released through the cells and identified through the immune formula. The immune formula then produces weapons, adding antibodies, as opposed to it. The hope is that when the genuine virus appears, our body will have a smart start and be able to fight.
The test is small, with only another 10 people included in each group, for a total of 40 other people on the test. The results of the Phase I vaccine trial show that adults over 70 produced approximately 3 times more antibodies after their timing doses, compared to adults over 56 to 70 years of age.
“This is unexpected because it has historically been observed that responses to vaccines minimize with age. In other words, antibody responses are weaker with age,” says Wilbur Chen, MD, who specializes in the progression of Vaccine in the Elderly at the University of Maryland. he was not involved in the study.
Traditional vaccines sometimes don’t work as well in the elderly, they are the most vulnerable organization to infection. Vaccine developers regularly want to create special high-dose injections or vaccines with added ingredients to stimulate the immune formula, called adjuvants, to generate smart protection. .
“These effects can be of great importance if the coverage presented through vaccination in the elderly is more potent than that of young adults, because the elderly are a very targeted population to which we aim for coverage through vaccination,” Chen says.
The objective of the first phase was to evaluate the protection and the maximum effective dose. Side effects observed on the first exam included fatigue, chills, headaches, muscle aches and pain at the firing site.
No placebo vaccine was given. Instead, the receptors gained two doses of 25 micrograms or a hundred micrograms over a four-week interval. The higher dose generated more antibodies in both groups. It also generated more side effects, adding swelling and muscle pain that lasted several days in some participants.
Approximately four weeks after injections of 25 micrograms, young participants produced an average antibody concentration of 323,9 four5, while others over the age of 71 had an average concentration of 1,128,391 antibodies. After injections of 100 micrograms, other people over 56 to 70 produced an average concentration of 1,183,066 antibodies, to 3,638,522 in the older group.
The antibody responses measured in the study do not necessarily mean that other people are from the infection. Researchers won’t know if vaccination is protective until the end of the ongoing Phase III trial, but that’s an encouraging sign.
“We were pleased to see that the 100 microgram dose generated antibodies against those seen in others over 18 to 55 who received the vaccine,” says Evan Anderson, MD, associate professor of pediatric infectious diseases at Emory University School of Medicine. The effects of young adults were reported in a previous study.
It is not known why this vaccine appears to elicit such strong antibody responses, even in the elderly. “We don’t accurately perceive why those immune responses in the elderly were still strong,” he says.
The test authors write that the antibody responses observed after the immediate dose of the vaccine are similar to those observed in patients who had recovered from COVID-19 and who had donated their blood for convalescence plasma, but also point out that if we do not have a reliable biomarker who can tell us when someone opposes the virus well.
The findings were published in The New England Journal of Medicine.
Wilbur Chen, MD, professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine; Head of the Adult Clinical Studies Section, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, Baltimore.
Evan Anderson, MD, Associate Professor of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta.
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