* Coronavirus has reduced life situations over two years, reversing the tendency of others living longer than their parents, grandparents and experts.
It has been reported internationally that coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to a minimisation of life expectancy. Several studies recommend that the pandemic has led to the forgetting of other diseases and an increase in mortality and morbidity.
Simply put, life expectancy is the average life expectancy of members of a given population, distinct from life expectancy, which is the maximum length of time a member of the species can survive.
Studies have shown that life expectancy has replaced little or nothing, global life expectancy has soared over more than 40 years since the early 20th century. This purpose has been achieved through a combination of clinical discoveries and public aptitude measures that have reduced infant mortality.
However, medical experts are unanimous that the coronavirus pandemic is causing a very large increase in mortality in Nigeria and populations around the world. They said the pandemic had defeated fitness systems, which has led to increased morbidity and mortality. mortality can lead to a decrease in life expectancy in Nigeria and around the world.
Medical experts have stated that the COVID-19 pandemic causes a significant increase in mortality among international populations and has surpassed fitness systems in many countries, which could lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality beyond how direct an effect on COVID-19 has. They said these direct and oblique increases in mortality can lead to stagnation or decreased life expectancy.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), life expectancy refers to the average number of years a newborn lives if existing mortality rates continue to be applied. Life expectancy is a measure used to summarize the threat of death at other ages in a given population. For example, life expectancy at birth in the United States is 78. 6 years, meaning young children born today would live an average of 78. 6 years, given existing mortality rates.
Increased life expectancy is perceived as a sign of progress.
What is the life expectancy of the average Nigerian today?A representative clinical pharmacist and public fitness specialist, Dr. Kingsley Amibor, told The Guardian: “The half-life expectancy of Nigerians by 2020 is 54. 81 years. This represents a 0. 58% increase in 2019. Il is a United Nations (UN) projection and reflects the effects of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19).
Are the numbers increasing or decreasing? Amibor said: “In Nigeria, life expectancy was 54. 49 years in 2019, 54. 18 years in 2018 and 53. 73 years in 2017. The figures have been an increase since 2016, for example, there was an increase of 0. 84% compared to 2016, 0. 83% accumulating from 2017, 0. 58% accumulating compared to 2018 and 2019 respectively. The final figures for 2020 may also be a slight minimum due to the effect of COVID-19, fortunately for Nigeria; relief would be possibly not significant due to the low coVID-19 mortality rate recoded in Nigeria, which is around 2%. Nigeria is among the lowest life expectancy figures in Africa (54. 81 years, while a country like Tunisia is also 76. 79 years old). »
What is the dating between reducing life expectancy and COVID-19?The clinical pharmacist said: “Global average life expectancy increased by 5. 5 years between 2000 and 2016 (Including Nigeria), the fastest increase since the 1960s. declines of the 1990s, when life expectancy decreased in Nigeria and Africa due to the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Increases from 2000 to 2016 can be explained through innovations in child survival and expand to ARV antiretroviral drugs) for HIV treatment.
“Life expectancy is higher in low-income countries, adding Nigeria, through 21% between 2000 and 2016, largely due to increased access to HIV, malaria and tuberculosis prevention and treatment services, as well as a number of tropical diseases that are overlooked, such as guinea worm In addition , maternal and child health care has resulted in child mortality relief of nearly 50% between 2000 and 2018.
“The coronavirus pandemic is causing a very large increase in mortality in Nigeria and populations around the world. The pandemic has defeated fitness systems, leading to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Increased mortality has the potential to reduce life expectancy in Nigeria. “and in the world”.
What would be the ideal figure or situation?Amibor said: “Research has shown that countries with a steady source of income rising with a higher source of gdp have a longer life expectancy, due to the skill and willingness of richer countries to invest in physical care, infrastructure and environmental governance, which increases life expectancy and reduces mortality rates. This explains the big difference between life expectancy in Nigeria and that of evolved countries. Research suggests that, in general, a hundred consistent with the accumulation of one hundred in line with the source of capita income in similar situations is tantamount to increasing life expectancy from one to three years”.
What are the recommendations on how to improve the life expectancy of Nigerians?The clinical pharmacist said: “There is a school of ideas in which a 1% decrease in gross domestic product (GDP) will lead to a social regression in health care, infrastructure and the environment. governance, which can result in relief in the average life expectancy of about 10 days. Efforts will need to be made to bring Nigeria’s GDP to life life so that we can see a steady increase in life expectancy.
“With regard to the coronavirus pandemic, efforts to prevent it from spreading the virus in Nigeria will need to be supported. In the absence of a cure, keep measures such as respect for social distance, hand hygiene, the use of hand sanitizers and the correct type of mask should be maintained. It is mandatory to enforce the guidelines.
“To respond to the new coronavirus, cancer, cardiovascular disease and other life-threatening diseases, we will also need to have social and medical resources and find a balance that leads to life coverage. One step is for the Nigerian fitness government to put in place active methods to lower the mortality rate, resulting in higher life expectancy values, not only for COVID-19, but for other causes, adding infant mortality, HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, poverty, malnutrition, road trauma and other causes. such as central diseases, strokes, diabetes, high blood pressure and cancer caused 70% of all deaths in 2016, and about 85% of deaths from noncommunicable diseases occurred in low-income countries, Nigeria added.
Amibor said that for Nigeria to sign up for the League of Nations with a higher life expectancy such as the US, UK and others, the country will have to fight fatal diseases and make a conscious effort to reduce brain drain among fitness professionals. , adding doctors, pharmacists and others, because this brain drain has the possibility of worsening fitness rates, as fewer fitness personnel will be held to satisfy Nigerians’ fitness desires.
He added: “Recently, suicide rates have increased in Nigeria and that is enough. Speaking of deaths from terrorism, all those elements want to be addressed so that life expectancy increases in Nigeria. “
Efforts will have to be made to combat poverty and malnutrition. Vaccination of young Nigerians against deadly diseases such as diphtheria, whoorine cough and others will need to be maintained independently of COVID-19. Particular attention should also be paid to the prevention and diarrhoeal diseases, influenza and pneumonia, which are the leading causes of death in Nigeria.
“There is a desire to improve government investment for the fitness sector in Nigeria, in line with the 2001 Abuja Declaration. Unemployment, which has been emerging for some time, will need to be addressed in a positive way. Other lifestyle points” that have effects on mortality, such as poor diet, insufficient physical activity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, poor behaviors, food protection, office protection and obesity, should be examined.
“When all this and more is implemented, we are required to have higher life expectancy values in Nigeria. “
In fact, an article published in Daily Mail UK Online found that the pandemic had reduced the average life expectancy of men and women for nearly two years.
Shocking figures opposed to the tendency of other people living longer than their parents and grandparents.
Life expectancy in England and Wales has advanced more than 50 years, before stagnating over the next decade.
But experts at the University of Oxford said the coronavirus crisis, which has caused nearly 54,000 excessive deaths, has brought it back to 2008 levels.
Even this would possibly be an underestimation of COVID-19’s actual track record in the country’s health. Many of the deaths exaggerated in the first part of the year, due to diseases and situations such as Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, diabetes, asthma, influenza. pneumonia: may be due to an undiagnosed coronavirus.
COVID-19 reduced women’s life expectancy from 83. 5 years in 2019 to 81. 8 years for those born in the early part of 2020 and from 79. 9 years to 78 years for men.
Principal investigator José Manuel Aburto of the Department of Sociology at the University of Oxford said: “We have provided life expectancy estimates for 2019 and the first part of 2020, showing that life expectancy has fallen 1. 7 years and 1. 9 years for men between those years.
“To put this in perspective, the life expectancy of men and women in the first part of 2020 has decreased to 2008 levels. Our estimates of exaggerated mortality and life expectancy are most likely underestimated. “
Life expectancy at birth is used as an indicator of population fitness and can alleviate the accumulated burden of a pandemic.
The study, shared on an online educational page prior to publication in a peer-reviewed journal, used official mortality knowledge from all the causes of the Office of National Statistics on 2 March, the first time a COVID-19 death in England and Wales. recorded – at the end of June.
Researchers are aware of past trends, examining excess mortality and life expectancy and inequality in life expectancy.
Of the 53,937 additional deaths recorded, 54% were men.
Another measure of the fitness of the population based on social deprivation and its effect on mortality is the inequality of life expectancy.
Between 2005 and 2019, inequality in life expectancy slowly declined from 13. 8 to 13. 5 years for men and from 15 to 14. 7 years for men, however, in the first part of 2020 it fell dramatically to 12. 9 years for men and 14 years for men.
“The quantification of higher mortality and its effect on life expectancy at birth provides a more complete picture of the overall burden of COVID-19 on mortality. It remains to be known whether mortality will fall back or even fall below the baseline,” the researchers said.
The long-term effect on life expectancy is not transparent due to a imaginable wave of the virus.
Its long-term effects on fitness can also lead to previous deaths, but if the maximum number of vulnerable people have already died, we would possibly see fewer deaths than expected during the rest of 2020.
However, even if mortality rates fall 10% below the expected baseline for the rest of the year, coronavirus will still have reduced a woman’s life expectancy by an average of 4. 4 months and 6. 6 months of a man’s life. The 44-year-old organization accounted for only 290 additional deaths above the expected level, while between the organization of 45 to 64 years, the figure was 5,786.
Elsewhere, with more than 170,000 COVID-19 deaths to date and a few other 1,000 each day, life expectancy in the United States may seem to be collapsing. But in estimating the magnitude of the pandemic, at the University of California, Berkeley, USA, the European Union, and the United States, the United States and the United States of America, were able to do so. U. S. , demographers found that COVID-19 will most likely shorten the average U. S. lifespan by 2020 in just one year.
In order to put existing COVID-19 mortality rates from a historical, demographic and economic perspective, UC Berkeley demographers Ronald Lee and Joshua Goldstein calculated the consequences of American lives lost by COVID-19 in 2020 on two scenarios. One was based on one proyección. de 1 million deaths a year, the other on the most likely projection of 250,000 deaths.
His findings, published online last week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, concluded that one million deaths in 2020 would be the average life expectancy in the United States for 3 years, while 250,000 deaths would last approximately one year.
That said, without society’s efforts to lessen the effect of COVID-19, only two million deaths may have been expected until the end of 2020, a relief in the average us lifespan for five years, the researchers said. .
Its estimated decrease in life expectancy is modest, in part because 250,000 deaths do not constitute a sharp increase of the 3 million non-COVID-19 deaths expected by 2020, and because older people, who have fewer years to live than others, account for the highest number of deaths due to COVID-19, the test notes.
However, although COVID-19 mortality rates remain lower than those of the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic, the coronavirus epidemic can be as devastating as long-lasting HIV and opioid epidemics if mitigation efforts fail, the researchers said.
“CoVID-19’s record is a terrible thing, both for those who lose their lives and for their family, friends, colleagues and everyone who has been touched throughout their lives. They’re genuine people, not summary statistics,” said Lee, professor emeritus of demographics at UC Berkeley and associate director of the Center for Economics and Demography of Aging on Campus.
The age gap (greater than that of young people) for those who died of COVID-19 is slightly wider than in prepandemic periods, while the gender gap is slightly narrower. Researchers have discovered similar age mortality trends in several countries.
The economic burden of COVID-19’s lost lives in the United States is trillions of dollars. According to government measures, demographers estimated that the loss of a million lives by 2020 would be between $10. 2 billion and $17. 5 trillion, while the amount for 250 billion deaths would be between $1. 5 billion and $2. 5 trillion.
Another study, which evaluated the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy in Madrid, Spain, was published in the Journal of Public Health.
The researchers wrote: “Our effects recommend a decrease in life expectancy at birth of 1. 9 years for men and 1. 6 years for women, which corresponds to 2009 degrees (Fig. 1). Array These estimates can be considered conservative, as we assume that mortality for the rest of the year would adhere to mortality expected in recent years. There is reason to believe that there will be excess mortality, at least in the coming weeks, as the COVID-19 outbreak is still continuing in the region. In addition, the significant medium-term effect on discontinuation of the fitness formula can simply result in an increase in the number of deaths in the follow-up months due to chronic diseases that were not controlled at the peak of the pandemic. . On the other hand, it is also possible to minimize the mortality rate attributable to a harvest effect, as observed after severe flu seasons. The relative strength of the two phenomena will determine whether the decrease in life expectancy we have estimated will be more or less intense until the end of the year. “
They concluded: “In conclusion, we have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has a serious annual life expectancy in Madrid. Continuing to monitor life expectancy trends in Madrid and around the world will provide valuable evidence that the overall effect of the pandemic on mortality”.
In addition, another study evaluated the possible effect of COVID-19 on life expectancy. The study was published in the IIASA discussion paper.
The researchers noted: “The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a significant number of deaths worldwide. If the prevalence of viral infection continues to increase, it can have a prospective effect on life expectancy. This article provides the first estimates of the prospective have an effect on the COVID-19 pandemic on the life expectancy of the period ».
The researchers found: “With a prevalence rate of 10%, the loss of life expectancy at birth is greater than 1 year in North America and Europe and Latin America and the Caribbean. In Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, a lost year of Life Expectancy corresponds to an infection prevalence of approximately 15% and 25% respectively. Given the uncertainty of mortality rates, with the prevalence of COVID-19 infections to 50% below 95% predictive intervals, life expectancy would be reduced from 3 to 9 years in North America and Europe, from 3 to 8 years in Latin America and the Caribbean, from two to seven years in Southeast Asia and from one to four years in sub-Saharan Africa.
“In all prevalence scenarios, as long as the prevalence rate of COVID-19 infection remains below one or two, consistent with the percentage, COVID-19 would not have substantial life expectancy. “