This article was originally published on December 30, 2021 and last updated on October 26, 2022 to reflect the most recent restrictions in China.
UPDATE (OCTOBER 26, 2022): China is contemplating reducing the quarantine for foreign arrivals to two days, according to Bloomberg sources. A Bloomberg report quotes “people familiar with the discussions” as saying the Chinese government is contemplating turning mandatory quarantine and self-isolation periods for foreign arrivals in China into a “2-5 policy”: two days of centralized quarantine in hotels followed by five days of self-isolation. Currently, foreign arrivals are subject to seven days of centralized quarantine in hotels and 3 days of self-isolation (policy 7-3). According to the report, the new policy may be included in the next iteration of the country’s comprehensive COVID-1nine prevention plan, which may be published soon (the recent maximum nine edition followed in June this year after being published as a draft in March). China’s National Health Commission has not demonstrated the validity of the proposed plan.
UPDATE (OCTOBER 19, 2022): China Airlines will resume more overseas flights. In order to enforce the State Council’s needs for an orderly buildup of foreign passenger flights as soon as possible, several airlines in China announced the resumption or buildup in the number of foreign routes this month. Among them, China Eastern Airlines plans to increase its weekly foreign routes to 42 and flights to 108 flights from October 30, 2022, up from 25 routes and 54 flights in mid-October. In November, China Eastern Airlines will continue to resume and expand its overseas routes with Manila and Ho Chi Minh. China Southern Airlines has announced that it will increase its weekly foreign flights from 71 to 86. Hainan Airlines plans to increase foreign flights between Chongqing and Rome to two according to the week from November 6, 2022. The official WeChat account of Air China also announced that it would resume several foreign routes. Spring Airlines, for its part, said on its official WeChat account on Oct. 13 that it would start according to multiple routes with Hong Kong and Macao and other foreign routes from Oct. 14, 2022. Juneyao Airlines also resumed or added some foreign connections in October with Seoul and Osaka. According to a report via Caixin, those measures are basically aimed at assembly business demand and do not mean that China will soon resume large-scale COVID-19 prevention measures for foreigners in recent months. However, the number of daily cross-border flights is only 5% of that of 2019.
UPDATE (SEPTEMBER 26, 2022): Hong Kong removes mandatory hotel quarantine for foreign arrivals and implements the “0 3” policy. As of Monday, September 26, foreign arrivals to Hong Kong will no longer have to go through 3 days of centralized quarantine in hotels and will instead be allowed to go through 3 days of self-monitoring at home. Passengers are still required to take an immediate COVID-19 antigen check before departure and a PCR check after arriving in Hong Kong. They will also not be allowed to pass into restaurants or other indoor public spaces and will have to go through the verification of this period. In addition, Hong Kong citizens who have not been vaccinated will be able to return to Hong Kong, and passengers transiting through Hong Kong will no longer be required to have their temperatures taken at the airport.
UPDATE (SEPTEMBER 23, 2022): China is contemplating reopening its border to some foreign trekkers. China’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism has issued a draft statement of measures for border crossing management for public comment until September 29, 2022. According to the draft exhibition, China will inspire its border spaces to create unique border tourism destinations, says cross-border tourism teams can flexibly decide on access and exit ports, and remove preconditions such as border travel permit and secure access and documents needed to leave. For some analysts, this is a positive sign that China will facilitate the access of foreigners to the country, although only foreign trekkers who are part of the excursion teams can stop at express border excursion sites. , as if those trekkers will have to comply with China’s quarantine requirements for incoming travelers.
UPDATE (SEPTEMBER 23, 2022): Trip. com indicates that hotel reservations are above pre-pandemic levels. According to Cindy Xiaofan Wang, chief financial officer of Trip. com, hotel bookings in China made through Trip. com have recovered rapidly, surpassing pre-COVID grades since last June. In addition, hotel bookings in the same city increased 30% in the last quarter compared to 2019 degrees, Trip. com added. However, the company’s overall profit in the current quarter of 2022 still saw a 32% year-over-year decline, most likely due to COVID-19 outbreaks and prolonged closures.
UPDATE (AUG 26, 2022): As of August 31, 2022, China no longer requires verification in the form of COVID for foreign arrivals. On Thursday, August 25, 2022, the General Administration of Customs issued a new form of declaration of fitness for foreign arrivals, which eliminates the requirement for visitors to claim the results of their nucleic acid checks, infectious prestige and dates of arrival. vaccination. This ninth edition of the fitness declaration form will be implemented from August 31, 2022, and foreign visitors can claim their fitness prestige online by filling out a form on the related WeChat account or website. Some media interpret that with this update, the existing access requirement, that is, the requirement that foreign passengers carry out two PCR controls for COVID-19 within 48 hours of departure, the moment of which they will have to take a position within the 24 hours of departure. Output: will rise. However, as China is still sticking to its dynamic 0 COVID strategy, we advise foreign travelers to check with their airlines for more information.
UPDATE (AUG. 22, 2022): As of August 24, 2022, foreigners with a valid APEC card to do business in China and foreign scholars with a valid apartment permit for examination purposes can enter China without applying for a new visa, as announced through Chinese embassies in the countries. In addition, China will also resume accepting Study X1 visa programs for foreigners who wish to be examined in China for more than 180 days. See the websites of the respective embassies of Myanmar, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Nepal, Kazakhstan, Palestine, Bahrain, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Qatar, Italy, Ireland, United Kingdom, Sweden, Montenegro, Malta, Algeria, South Africa, Rwanda, Liberia, Zambia, Tanzania, Mexico, Canada, Cuba, Brazil for further details. The Chinese Embassy in India also updated the “China Visa Application Procedures and Material Requirements”, which will be implemented from August 24, 2022.
Since the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020, China has imposed a strict “0 Covid” policy to prevent the spread of the virus and keep instances as close to 0 as possible.
This policy has been largely successful, with the highest number of COVID-19 cases in the state of 2021 at a few thousand, well below many other countries.
Despite high hopes in early 2021 that China would begin its regulations and access requirements, the recent Delta and Omicron outbreaks have only led the government to redouble efforts on prevention measures, adding by reducing the number of foreign flight routes, extending the duration of quarantines on arrival, and strengthening internal prevention measures.
In this article, we explain how foreigners can enter China, from booking a flight and obtaining a visa to pre- and post-flight testing and quarantine, and offer a review of China’s national COVID-19 prevention measures and policies.
Despite hopes that China would gradually begin easing border restrictions and allow more foreign flights into the country, the worsening global pandemic and the spread of the highly contagious Delta and Omicron variants prompted the government to take stricter prevention measures during the winter and spring. On October 29, 2021, the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) announced that it would reduce the number of foreign passenger flights to and from China to just 408 in the week between October 31, 2021 and March 26, 2022. . Il is a relief of 21. 1% compared to the same constant period in 2020.
The CAAC is guilty of approving direct foreign flight routes to and from China, as well as legal airlines to operate on those routes. March 26, 2022. Please note that this list may not be exhaustive and that any given flight is subject to last-minute delays and cancellations. Passengers planning to fly to China are kindly requested to keep an eye out for updates from the airline.
Please note that not all of the above flight routes have scheduled flights; Some may only have one or two flights scheduled between October 31, 2021 and March 26, 2022.
To view the dates of recently scheduled CAAC-approved flights, search for the departure city and destination in the CAAC flight search (Chinese only).
China has imposed strict restrictions on foreign arrivals since March 2020 to prevent the arrival of COVID-19 cases from abroad. Since then, restrictions have been successively eased and tightened in reaction to the evolving pandemic scenario around the world.
In addition to the reduced frequency of foreign passenger flights, the restrictions come with limited visa availability (including suspension of tourist visas) and strict COVID-19 testing and quarantine needs before and after arrival in China.
China has adjusted its entry policies from time to time according to the global pandemic situation, and so far has implemented 4 major stages of restrictions.
Phase I: China first imposed restrictions on March 28, 2020. At that time, foreigners from all countries were banned from entering China with maximum visa rates. Exceptions were granted to those with diplomatic, service, courtesy or C visas; those heading to China for compulsory economic, commercial, clinical or technological activities; or for pressing humanitarian needs. New visas issued after March 28, 2020 are not affected.
Phase II: Phase I restrictions were temporarily lifted in September 2020, when aliens with valid permits to work, non-public affairs, and meetings could enter the country without having to reapply for new visas.
Those whose visas or entries have expired in the meantime can reapply for the corresponding visas by presenting expired entries, without the need for a new invitation letter. The new application must be subject to the condition that the objective of the scale of visa or permit holders in China remained unchanged.
Phase III: On November 3, 2020, due to the resurgence of the pandemic in several regions of the world, China reimposed the initial regulations established in March 2020 for foreigners from the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Belgium, Russia, Ukraine, the Philippines, Bangladesh, India, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Uzbekistan and South Africa.
Under this policy, foreigners from those countries will be required to fully comply with the access rules set out in the Phase I restrictions. New visas issued after November 3, 2020 are affected.
Phase IV: In early March 2021, China announced that travelers who have won Chinese COVID-19 vaccines and received vaccination certificate will gain benefits from simplified visa programs as of March 15, 2021. We’ll talk about this in more detail below. .
Currently, foreigners can enter China if they have a valid permit or the corresponding visa received after March 28, 2020 (except foreign citizens of exempt countries in Phase III). Foreign nationals of countries indexed in Phase III can only enter if they received a visa or permit after November 3, 2020, when Phase III restrictions were imposed.
Below is a review of visas recently issued through Chinese visa offices.
– Invitation letter from China
– Invitation letter (PU) issued through the foreign branch or provincial advertising, or painting permit issued through a corresponding branch in China.
In addition to the above scenarios, foreign nationals who have been inoculated with a Chinese COVID-19 vaccine are likely to benefit from an easier visa application procedure with more complicated requirements, they are still limited to the above visa types. Applicants will want to provide the vaccination certificate together with the other application documents.
The application needs to suit are:
The following types of visas are issued lately:
The following visa waiver policies are suspended lately:
In early June, China removed the requirement of a PU letter (a government-issued invitation letter) for painting visas (Z visas) and dependent family member visas (Q visas).
The following types of foreign travelers will no longer be required to apply for a PU letter, and will be able to apply for a Chinese paints visa/Z visa from the relevant Chinese government by submitting their foreign paintings permit notification letter or evidence of relationship:
As of July 20, 2020, the CAAC is asking foreign and Chinese passengers traveling to China to download negative COVID-19 certificates, known as green codes of Health Declaration Certificate (HDC), before boarding if they are flying or transiting through one of those countries. . Countries.
Passengers will be required to take two COVID-19 tests within 48 hours of boarding the direct flight to mainland China. The tests shall consist of two nucleic acid tests (PCR test), one performed within 48 hours and one performed within 24 hours before flight departure. Passengers flying from a third country before taking a direct flight to mainland China will be required to take two COVID-19 tests in either country before boarding the flight to China.
COVID-19 testing will need to be done at designated or identified services through Chinese embassies in the host country. Chinese embassies will thoroughly assess the testing capacity of host countries and formulate procedures when testing situations are met. Please refer to the local Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) online page for a list of designated testing services in the country of departure.
In recent months, China has eased requirements for passengers from certain countries. People coming from countries like Denmark, the Netherlands, Serbia, the United Arab Emirates and others will no longer have to take an antibody check to get the fitness code required to board. Passengers will still need to complete two PCR checks from two other designated screening centers within 48 hours and one antigen within 12 hours of flight departure.
For Americans, China removed the requirement for passengers to spend 7 days of COVID-19 control, self-monitoring and antibody control before boarding the flight, according to a statement posted on the Chinese embassy’s website. In the United States, team members will no longer be required to go through additional quarantine and will be able to travel to China as general passengers. Passengers will still need to perform two COVID-19 checks at two other control centers within 48 hours and one antigen check. within 12 hours of boarding the flight, regardless of whether or not they have been vaccinated and with which vaccine they have been vaccinated. These needs for Americans were first imposed in January 2022 to prevent the spread of the Omicron variant. Passengers I still have to take a direct flight to China.
Please note that needs vary from country to country and therefore travelers are kindly requested to check with the local embassy or consulate when planning a holiday in China. Check out our full article on the subject here.
Passengers who have been fully vaccinated with an inactivated vaccine (e. g. , Sinopharm and Sinovac) are likely to undergo a nucleic acid test for all required COVID-19 tests.
Passengers who have been fully vaccinated with a non-inactivated vaccine (p. e. g. , Pfizer and Moderna), are partially vaccinated or unvaccinated will be required to perform a nucleic acid check for initial screening seven days prior to departure flight, followed through a nucleic acid test and an S and N protein IgM antibody test within 48 hours prior to departure.
After passing the required COVID-19 tests in the country of departure, passengers will need to apply for a green HS code (for Chinese citizens) or an HDC green code (for foreign nationals). Foreign nationals can apply for HDC codes by registering on MOFA’s online page and Chinese citizens can apply for HS codes in the WeChat mini program “防疫健康码国际版”.
The following is required when requesting the HDC code:
The HDC and HS codes are for two days from the date of the first COVID-19 test.
The HDC green code must be received in the country of departure of the direct flight to China and cannot be received in a third country. If you are moving from a third country before taking a direct flight to mainland China, you will need to ensure that there is enough time between flights in the transit city to get the required COVID-19 tests and apply for the HDC green code.
When traveling from a third country, travelers will also need to pass two COVID-19 tests (PCR and IgM antibodies) within 48 hours of boarding in the home country and apply for an HDC or HS green code in the home country.
Travellers are kindly requested to consult the recommendation of the airline they are flying with for information on the airport’s COVID-19 testing services and for any other COVID-19 restrictions or needs from countries of origin or transit that may interfere with plans.
All passengers arriving from abroad will be required to spend between 14 and 21 days of centralized quarantine at a government-designated hotel at the port of access to China. 350 RMB ($55) and six hundred RMB ($94) per day, depending on the quality of the hotel. The passenger cannot normally decide which hotel they will be quarantined in, they rarely have the option to choose between other prices.
During this period, you will not be allowed to leave your hotel room for any reason. All travelers will be required to quarantine in separate hotel rooms, but youth under the age of 14 may be quarantined in the same room as a parent. You also want to take normal COVID-19 testing during your stay at the quarantine hotel.
Some cities will also require another seven days of fitness tracking in the city of arrival before they can do so in other cities in China. arrival), limited movement (for example, only within the network where your home or hotel is located), and normal COVID-19 testing and temperature checks.
If you are traveling to a city in China after completing centralized quarantine and fitness monitoring, you may want to go through another seven to 14 days of quarantine, either in a designated quarantine hotel or under home observation, depending on the local needs of the town or neighborhood.
Some other people may apply for a waiver from central quarantine and get permission to self-quarantine for all or part of the 14 days. These other people come with who are:
To prevent the spread of COVID-19 in China’s provinces and cities, there are several internal protection measures in place for domestic residents. The not unusual maxim is the requirement to show a green fitness and code before boarding a train, some other city or upon arrival.
Some cities will also require travelers to provide a negative COVID-19 check taken within the last 48 hours, either before boarding the selected mode of transportation or upon arrival at their destination (or both).
Please note that many hotels have temporarily stopped accepting foreign visitors due to COVID-19 restrictions. Some of those accepting foreign visitors may also ask them to provide a negative COVID-19 result taken within the last 48 hours, even if the city itself does not impose this requirement.
If you stay in some other specialized or limited area, such as a school, school campus, or government facility, you may also want to provide negative COVID-19 verification to enter, even if there is no citywide requirement. It is advisable to call ahead to ensure that the hotel or other accommodation can accommodate foreign visitors and to check what documents are required to stay there.
Quarantine requirements for domestic arrivals depend on whether the traveler has been in a medium or high threat domain (continue reading below to learn more main points about China’s threat point system).
All arrivals from high-risk spaces in China will be required to spend 14 days of centralized quarantine. Requirements for arrivals from medium-risk spaces vary from town to town.
For example, Nanchang City in Jiangxi Province requires all ers in medium-risk areas to go through seven days of centralized quarantine and another seven days of household fitness surveillance. Shanghai, on the other hand, requires medium-risk spaces to go through 14 days of network fitness monitoring, where they can stay at home (if they live in the city) but have limitations and will have to go through normal tests.
Travelers can search for the latest local needs by entering the city of origin and destination in the policy search tool in the State Council app or the WeChat mini-program. This service is currently only available in Chinese.
To locate the tool on WeChat, search for “疫情服务” (yìqíng fúwù – pandemic services), then select “出行防疫政策查询” (chūxíng fángyì zhèngcè cháxún – pandemic prevention policy research) in the “tools” segment (实用工具 – shíyòng gongjù).
Generally, if you are traveling from a low-risk area, you will not be required to quarantine, possibly requiring negative COVID-19 tests.
On February 18, 2022, the country’s most sensible economic planner, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), along with other government bodies, published a list of policies for the facilities sector that, among other things, prohibits local governments from implementing blockades and travel restrictions without central government approval. Specifically, the list of policies outlines several “prohibitions” for local authorities, including:
The policy measures will facilitate travel between other regions of China, especially those living in medium- and high-risk areas, and help encourage domestic consumption.
China imposes a 3-tier formula on the threat point of a given jurisdiction in China. The threat point is divided into low threat, medium threat, and maximum threat. The 3 degrees are also color-coded: green for low threat, yellow for medium threat, and red for maximum threat.
These color codes also correspond to the color code of travel and fitness codes that other people will have to provide to move freely within the country. Below, we detail those codes.
Risk levels are assessed based on the number of new cases:
As of December 30, 2021, there were two high-risk spaces and 71 medium-risk spaces in China. Check out our COVID-19 tracker for the latest numbers.
China’s National Health Commission has also introduced a WeChat mini-program for citizens to check the infection threat point of a given domain and frontline staff to check countries and towns visited by a traveler in the past 14 days. A “visit” to a certain village or region represents a stay of more than 4 hours in total.
The program also allows users to check if they have taken the same public transportation as someone who has been diagnosed with COVID-19 in the last 14 days.
As part of national COVID-19 prevention measures, citizens must provide a green code to enter public and inter-city positions in China.
Two main fitness codes are required for travel to China: the fitness code (健康吗/随身吗) and the fitness code (行程卡). Both fitness codes are incorporated with the popular WeChat messaging app, operated through Tencent, and the Alipay payment app, operated through Alibaba. The code can also be downloaded as a standalone application.
To download the codes, citizens will need to enter information, add an identity number, home address, physical status, contact history, and apartment history in the apps. Apps will then generate a green, yellow or red QR code based on your and tap on the story.
The Health Code tracks the holder’s fitness prestige based on the location and data he has provided. Most cities use the same fitness code, which will automatically update to the local edition based on the phone’s location (see symbol below). However, some cities, such as Beijing (which uses a mini-program called “Health Kit” (健康宝)), have their own standalone apps or mini-programs. Therefore, you may want to sign up for a separate local physical activity code. when traveling to certain cities.
The code, on the other hand, tracks and lists all the cities you’ve traveled to in the past 14 days. It will turn yellow if you have taken it to a medium threat domain or red if it has taken it to a high threat domain. in the last 14 days.
The importance of having a green, yellow, or red fitness code differs by city and region. A green fitness code sometimes means citizens can move freely and travel to other cities, some cities and regions will still require incoming travelers to quarantine or isolate. upon arrival. The yellow or red code could subject the holder to seven and 14 days of quarantine respectively, at home or at a designated hotel.
Generally speaking, whenever you travel from a low-risk area, the green color of your fitness code formula will not change. But if you come from medium or high risk areas, your trip to other Chinese provinces and towns will change. Most likely, you will be limited and want to quarantine upon arrival.
China has established accelerated channels with countries that will make it less difficult for other people to travel for a must-have business or official visits to and from China. So far, China has signed accelerated agreements with Germany, France, South Korea, the United Kingdom, Japan and Singapore.
In addition to the above, in November 2021, the American Chamber of Commerce (AmCham) in Shanghai announced that it had reached an agreement with local foreign affairs offices (FAO) to implement an accelerated program between the U. S. and China. Details of the accelerated program have not yet been released.
To be eligible, applicants will need to download a letter from the local Chinese embassy granting approval of the fast lane program. Expedited travelers will need to go through COVID-19 screening prior to departure and after arrival in China. Those who test negative after arriving in China are not required to go through a centralized quarantine, but will need to follow a strictly supervised direction for the first 14 days and pass normal checks.
According to the European Chamber of China, measures to facilitate the return of foreign nationals to China for compelling or mandatory purposes are being carried out locally, joining Beijing, Chongqing, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Shanghai and Tianjin.
In Shanhai, MOFA and the Shanghai Municipal Government have established two channels, a general canal and an accelerated channel, to facilitate workers’ access to China to trade operations.
The expedited channel is implemented to workers of companies whose country of origin has signed an expedited agreement with China.
Employees entering Shanghai following the expedited procedure will be able to start work within 48 hours of arrival, subject to negative COVID-19 test results. Those entering Shanghai following the general procedure will be subject to a 14-day quarantine at a designated facility. See our article here for detailed application procedures.
For South Korea, in addition to other fast-track privileges, China has also resumed issuing visas to South Korean students, painters hired to paint in China and those with residency permits.
In April 2021, China showed it would settle for U. S. travelers inoculated with U. S. -made vaccines. U. S. Dallas and enter mainland China. Non-inactivated vaccines manufactured in the U. S. U. S. accepted vaccines come with vaccines made through Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson.
During the discussion about China in 2022, some of the most pressing questions on the minds of entrepreneurs are whether the country will allow quarantine-free entry, reinstate tourist and business visas, and ease its zero covid policy.
The short answer, unfortunately, is likely.
So far, China’s zero-covid policy has proven incredibly effective in preventing the spread of the virus in the population, even with the arrival of the more infectious Delta variant. As of December 23, the total number of cases shown in China was only 4245.
Although prevention measures are considered drastic in other parts of the world, they have become widespread among the general Chinese population. This is facilitated by the fact that, due to the highly specific nature of closures and travel restrictions, only a very small proportion of the population is affected at a time – typically only those living in the district or housing network in which a case was detected. which allows the majority of the population to live in general.
Moreover, the recent spread of the Omicron variant has given even more credibility to China’s prevention strategy and has only led it to redouble its efforts on its existing policies. This is compounded by the fact that China’s domestic booster vaccines (which have been used to deliver 2. 695 billion doses as of December 20, 2021) appear to be weaker against the new Omicron variant than previous strains. China recorded its first case of Omicron in December 2021, the variant so far has not spread further among the population.
The latest outbreak and considerations about the spread of the new variant have prompted the government to discourage others from traveling during Chinese New Year, China’s busiest tourist season, for the third year in a row. Measures have also been taken to discourage others from travelling. implemented, such as the ban on online travel agencies promoting tickets for excursions.
In addition to genuine fear for people’s fitness and well-being and the stability of the physical care system, China also has political and economic reasons to stand firm in its zero covid position.
During the first wave of COVID-19 in Wuhan in early 2020, the government faced a rare episode of complaints from the general population as the number of cases and the death toll mounted. Since then, the government has worked hard to regain acceptance as truth with the people, and one way to achieve this is to safeguard people’s fundamental livelihoods, offering fiscal stimulus and support, but most importantly, making sure that the spread of COVID-19 is not allowed as it did in early 2020.
On the other hand, the economic effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on China has been devastating, as in most countries in the world, and yet the country has managed to recover without reopening overseas travel. One of the main protagonists of the post-COVID recovery has been domestic consumption, which has been strongly boosted by weak COVID-19 figures that have allowed a return to the general picture and productivity.
In short, the economic effect of keeping borders closed is much less than the effect of the spread of COVID-19 on the population.
So is there no easing of restrictions in 2022?
Many have speculated that China will start easing restrictions after the end of some of the major events of 2022, namely the Beijing Winter Olympics in February and the 20th Party Congress in the fourth quarter of 2022. As noted above, there are many other spaces of Fear for the government in relation to the reopening of the foreigner without quarantine. Therefore, restrictions are likely to continue after the end of those events.
Of course, there are safe conditions that can convince the government to ease certain restrictions. One is the deployment of a highly effective vaccine. China is preparing its own mRNA vaccine, which is expected to hit the market next year. In addition to a national vaccine, the mRNA vaccine evolved through Germany’s BioNTech and Fosun Pharma is lately under administrative review, while Shanghai-based biopharmaceutical company Everest Medicine has signed a licensing agreement with Canadian biotech company Providence Therapeutics to produce and sell its potential COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in China. Everest Medicine expects to complete the Chinese plant by the end of the year.
In addition to an effective vaccine, an effective drug to treat COVID-19 can also mark a step toward reopening. On December 8, 2021, China’s top drug regulator, the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), approved a mixture that neutralizes antibody treatment. unlike COVID-19, which can be used for adults and teens with mild to moderate symptoms who are at risk for more severe symptoms. Clinical trials show significant relief in hospitalizations and deaths, and the drug has already been used in patients in China.
However, as things stand, China is not in a position to fully reopen without quarantine, and restrictions are expected to persist. There have been discussions about a quarantine-free bubble between Hong Kong and Singapore since November 2020, however, each cycle followed outbreaks in one of the two jurisdictions.
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