By CNN Staff, Lou Robinson, Rachel Wilson, Henrik Pettersson and Gillian Roberts
Russia’s invasion has pitted Ukraine against a country with a large military and one of the world’s largest economies. More than $380 billion in aid, pledged mostly through Western countries since January 2022, has helped Ukraine continue the fight.
The promised aid arrives in stages over several years. But with no end in sight to the war, more help is needed to fill the army’s reserves. In the United States, the largest donor country, Congress remains stuck in an impasse over whether or not to approve more aid to Ukraine; The end result could simply describe the future of the conflict.
To better understand the geopolitical debate over aid to Kyiv, CNN looked at the scenario of foreign aid to Ukraine.
Countries around the world have committed around $118 billion in direct military aid to Ukraine, as well as monetary and humanitarian aid. More than 40% of this amount comes from the United States, according to data from the Kiel Institute for the World Economy as of January 15, 2024.
According to the data, the U. S. Congress has approved about $46. 3 billion in direct military aid to Ukraine since NATO countries began organizing their aid for Ukraine a month before the full-scale invasion. This is part of a total approved aid budget of $113 billion for the military. and civilian wishes, although not all of that money is destined to go directly to Ukraine. Part of that budget is meant to fill U. S. military reserves depleted through previous donations of weapons and ammunition to Ukraine and to help other countries affected by the crisis. geopolitical situation.
A pending U. S. bill would send another $60 million to aid Ukraine in opposition to Russia, though the Republican-controlled House of Representatives has yet to pass the measure and it’s unclear when or if that vote will take place.
Collectively, European Union (EU) countries have committed $50 billion directly to Kyiv, with Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands being the main contributors. Additional budget has been committed through the European institutions. The UK has pledged around $10 billion in direct aid from the military.
According to the Kiel Institute, the army’s most expensive donations include tanks, anti-aircraft and anti-ship missiles, cannons, tracking radar systems, mine-sniffing ships and patrol boats, helicopters and multiple launch rocket systems.
Thirty-three countries have pledged weapons and military equipment to Ukraine, according to data from the Kiel Institute in January. Several others have also offered indirect military aid.
The number of tanks Poland has committed to Ukraine is unrivalled by any other country – a total of 324, according to the data. The U. S. donated 76 tanks, less than a quarter of that amount.
But the U. S. is leading the way by offering assistance in heavy weapons and ammunition, as well as the supply of Ukrainian light infantry, with more than three hundred million rounds of ammunition pledged. The country is supplying 39 multiple launch rocket systems, as well as ammunition and 301 artillery shells. Both have proven effective on the front line, Ukrainian officials said.
At least 35 surface-to-air anti-aircraft missile systems have also been committed to Ukraine via the US. (only Germany has committed more with 38) and the total amount is likely to be higher, as some amounts have been revealed.
The White House said earlier in March that it plans to send a new weapons package worth up to $300 million through the presidential withdrawal authorization, which does not require congressional approval. But that figure was described by U. S. President Joe Biden as “far from enough. “
The U. S. has pledged the second-largest amount of cash to Ukraine in total — adding military, monetary and humanitarian aid — after the European Union, which has sent a total of about $93. 3 billion, according to data from the Kiel Institute. It does not include contributions from individual EU Member States, which are counted separately.
But for some of Ukraine’s smaller allies, Washington’s contributions amount to 0. 3% of their GDP, according to the data.
Denmark, Norway and the Baltic states bordering Russia (Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia) devote a greater share of their wealth to war, accounting for more than 1% of their GDP.
This figure includes humanitarian aid, such as ambulances, generators, transit bridges, tents for family members and Starlink terminals for satellite communications.
A country’s largest monetary contribution is a $13. 4 billion U. S. grant to the Ukrainian government to address various budgetary and infrastructure needs, thereby contributing to Ukraine’s energy security, according to the House Appropriations Committee.
When expenses similar to those of hosting refugees are also included in the aid calculation, the contributions of European allies who have hosted the majority of Ukrainian refugees become even more significant. About 83% of Poland’s direct money to Ukraine goes toward refugee-like costs, or $22. 7. billion out of a total of more than $25 billion.
Poland has the second-highest number of Ukrainian refugees (nearly 960,000 in December 2023) in allied countries after Germany (more than 1. 1 million in February 2024), according to data from the UN refugee agency. Russia also has more than 1. 2 million refugees, according to the UN.
If the burden of refugees is taken into account in GDP calculations, the burden of Polish aid to Ukraine increases from around 0. 7% to more than 4% of GDP, with 1. 1% for Germany, according to data from the Kiel Institute.
The U. S. has allocated $6. 6 billion in indirect assistance to Ukrainian refugees as part of its approved aid package and welcomed about 515,000 Ukrainians to the country through humanitarian systems in the two years since the war began, according to U. S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, or USCIS. .
This story was originally updated and published on October 6, 2023.
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