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Japan on Saturday celebrated the 77th anniversary of the U. S. atomic bombing of Hiroshima.
The government of Prime Minister Fumio Kishida considers it vital that Japan “realistically impose how we move towards a world without nuclear weapons. “
But observers are concerned that a nuclear-weapon-free world “remains a remote prospect in large part because of the lack of progress in nuclear disarmament across the five nuclear-weapon States of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) over the past 20 years. “
A total of 191 countries have signed the NPT, which entered into force in 1970 and aims to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons and technology, promote the non-violent uses of nuclear energy and contribute to the achievement of nuclear disarmament.
The signatories come with the five nations that possess nuclear weapons: China, Russia, Britain, the United States and France.
Japan is the only country that has been the victim of nuclear bombs that have killed tens of thousands of people and affected the lives of generations in the long run.
“In recent years, they all expanded their arsenals, canceled their past or continued with their modernization programs,” Jingdong Yuan, a nuclear studies specialist at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), told Anadolu Agency.
“This is a major controversy at the UN Review Conference on the Use of Nuclear Weapons between the P-5 (5 permanent members of the UN Security Council) and the NNWS, the non-nuclear-weapon states,” Yuan said.
“Frustrated by the lack of progress,” the SIPRI researcher said, the NNWS “drafted and followed a nuclear ban treaty, which is now in force. However, the prospect of signing the P-5 at this time is nil. “
The other 4 nations known to have nuclear warheads (India, Israel, North Korea, and Pakistan) are parties to the NPT. However, Israel has neither officially denied nor admitted to having nuclear weapons.
“Serious for nuclear non-proliferation”
Referring to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), or the Iran nuclear deal, the SIPRI researcher said the deal “to some extent has stopped Iran’s nuclear weapons program. “
“But the U. S. withdrawal under the previous administration of Donald Trump has allowed Tehran to start enriching uranium, even at the military level,” said Yuan, who is also a professor of foreign security at the University of Sydney.
“Until an agreement is reached to repair the damage and return to what was agreed in the JCPOA, nuclear non-proliferation will be seriously compromised,” he warned.
Similarly, he said, AUKUS “certainly represents a serious challenge to the non-proliferation regime. “
AUKUS is a safety pact involving the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia signed last year by which Canberra will unload nuclear-powered submarines.
“While AUKUS members have stated that they will abide by their nuclear non-proliferation commitments and that the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) will be involved, there are many questions about safeguards issues,” he said.
Yuan said such measures, adding that AUKUS, will have the “most serious consequence” that “other countries would possibly stick to them, and flooding would possibly break the nuclear nonproliferation barrier. “
He cited former U. S. President Barack Obama’s 2009 Prague speech in which he called for a “world free of nuclear weapons,” but Jingdong said, “We are returning to a world full of demanding situations and uncertainties. “
The SIPRI expert said the current UN Review Conference on the Use of Nuclear Weapons “could be decisive for the long term of the NPT and even for the nuclear non-proliferation regime itself. “
Hiroshima Plan of Action
At the previous United Nations Review Conference this week, Kishida reiterated Japan’s “determination to firmly protect the NPT” and announced the Hiroshima Plan of Action, which he said is “designed to create a world without nuclear weapons. “
He is the first Japanese leader to attend the conference, which takes place every five years.
Kishida said Japan would try to “reinvigorate foreign momentum on this factor and link it to the G7 summit in Hiroshima next year. “
The Japanese prime minister also announced $10 million in aid to the UN to facilitate visits by other young people who will notice the horrors of atomic bombs when finding the two cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
The United States dropped nuclear bombs on Hiroshima, the world’s first atomic bomb on August 6, 1945, and then on Nagasaki, which resulted in the deaths of at least 140,000 other people by the end of that year. The dead come with more than 20,000 Koreans.
On Friday, a monument with 2,802 names of Korean patients was installed in Hiroshima. Koreans had been forcibly brought to Japan from the then undivided Korean peninsula before and during World War II.
The survivors of the atomic bombing are known as “hibakusha”.
At an event on Saturday, Kazumi Matsui, mayor of Hiroshima, said, “We will have to make all the nuclear buttons insignificant without delay. “
Since then, Japan has adhered to a pacifist constitution and led efforts to end the use of nuclear weapons.
Kishida forcibly elected with a constituency in Hiroshima, a fashionable city on the island of Honshu.
Peace Memorial Museum
The two peoples affected by nuclear energy created the Peace Memorial Museum.
Before the coronavirus pandemic hit the world, more than a million people visited the year of the Hiroshima Museum, while the Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Museum gained between 600,000 and 700,000 visitors.
Those numbers fell in 2020 and 2021, but now they’re picking up.
While Japan has maintained its “strong determination” to firmly sign the NPT, many have criticized Tokyo for relying on U. S. nuclear deterrence for its protection.
In 2001, when Japan celebrated the 56th anniversary of the bombings, an anti-war organization donated a “peace clock” that counts the number of days since the last global nuclear test, waiting for the number of nuclear tests.
In April, control of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum restarted the clock after the city learned that the United States had conducted two nuclear tests last year.
According to SIPRI, the world’s nuclear stockpile is expected to accumulate over the next decade for the first time since the Cold War.
Nuclear-armed countries must modernize and expand their arsenals at a rate that is likely to increase over the next decade, the institute said in a report released last month.
He said Russia and the United States together possess more than 90 percent of the world’s 12,705 nuclear weapons.
In January, Russia had 5,997 and the United States 5,428 warheads, followed by China with 350, France with 2, the United Kingdom with 225, Pakistan with 165, India with 156, Israel with 20 and North Korea, according to the institute. .
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