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The history of the Summer Olympics only shows us how the game has evolved over time, but it also serves as a mirror of the political and social contexts of the time.
In preparation for this summer’s Paris Olympics, Telegraph Sport has detailed the history of the fashionable Summer Olympics since they were first held in Athens in 1896, and lists all the host cities for the Summer Olympics.
This year’s Olympics begin on Friday, July 26, with Paris hosting the Summer Games for the third time and first in a hundred years.
Click on the links below to express the Summer Olympics:
Athens 1896 | Paris 1900 | St. Louis 1904 | London 1908 | Stockholm 1912 | Antwerp 1920 | Paris 1924 | Amsterdam 1928 | Los Angeles 1932 | Berlin 1936 | London 1948 | Helsinki 1952 | Melbourne 1956 | Rome 1960 | Tokyo 1964 | Mexico 1968 | Munich 1972 | Montréal 1976 | Moscow 1980 | Los Angeles 1984 | Seoul 1988 | Barcelona 1992 | Atlanta 1996 | Sydney 2000 | Athens 2004 | Beijing 2008 | London 2012 | Rio 2016 | Tokyo 2020 | Paris 2024
1,500 years after the end of the ancient Olympic Games, the modern Olympic Games we know and love today were born. It was organized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), created by the French aristocrat Pierre de Coubertin.
Fourteen nations, represented by men, competed 43 times in the newly renovated Panathenaic Stadium, inaugurated in 566 B. C.
The first gold medal of the festival went to American James Connolly in the triple jump. He also finished second in the high jump and third in the long jump.
The organisers gave little publicity to the Games, which lasted five months and were organised as part of the World Expo, to such an extent that many participants did not even know they had participated in the Olympics.
Women made their first appearance at the fashion Olympics, with 22 competing in five sports: tennis, sailing, croquet, golf and equestrian.
The equestrian game made its Olympic debut in Paris, with long jump and high jump competitions for the first and only time in Olympic history. Tennis was one of five games in which athletes from other nations competed as members of the same team. The other four were soccer, polo, rowing and tug-of-war.
Only 12 countries competed in the 1904 Olympics, and U. S. athletes accounted for 83 percent of the participants. Once again, the Games were held over a long period of time (four and a half months) as part of the World Expo.
Women were allowed to compete in archery among the hundred or so sports available. For the first time, gold, silver and bronze medals were awarded to first, second and third place.
U. S. gymnast George Eyser won six medals, including 3 gold, after competing with his left leg.
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 1906 forced the Olympic Games to be moved from Rome to London without warning, which ended up being the longest Games in history (187 days). For the first time, a stadium built expressly for the Games, Shepherd’s Bush’s London venue was the centrepiece of the event, while swimming and diving occasions were held in a pool for the first time.
Finnish athletes, then under Russian rule, chose to march with a flag to protest against Russian rule.
Finnish athletes protested Russian dominance; A number of Irish competitors refused to compete as subjects of the British crown and Ralph Rose, the American shot putter, refused to hand over the American flag to King Edward VII.
Japan was the first Asian country to compete when it joined the Stockholm Olympics in 1912.
The first death at a festival occurred when Portuguese runner Francisco Lazzaro died in the marathon, a number that has since been reduced to just two.
Boxing is the only time in history that Swedish law prohibits it.
Belgium, still recovered from the ravages of World War I, bravely accepted the challenge of the event, without Germany, Austria, Turkey, Hungary, Bulgaria and the new Soviet Union being invited.
The famous five-ring flag is seen for the first time at the opening ceremony. The Olympic oath is first performed by an athlete on behalf of the competitors.
Sweden’s Oscar Swahn became, at the age of 72, the oldest medalist in Olympic history with silver in the two-shot deer event.
A Games of firsts: the first Olympic Village, the first official Closing Ceremony and the first popular 50m swimming pool. The number of nations increased from 29 to 44, with a large presence of the Olympics as the main event.
The Games were later immortalized in the 1981 film ‘Chariots of Fire’, which tells the story of gold medal-winning British athletes Eric Liddell and Harold Abrahams.
It was also the last time tennis was played as a complete game until Seoul 1988, when American Titanic survivor Richard Norris Williams won gold in the combined doubles.
The Olympic Games held in the Netherlands marked the beginning of some of today’s most sacred Olympic traditions.
The Olympic flame was lit in the cauldron for the first time and Greece led the parade of nations, as it will on the Seine in July, with France being the last. The number of female athletes has increased even further, and women are allowed to compete in gymnastics and track and field.
Australian rower Henry Pearce stopped midway through the race to let a circle of duck relatives pass and still took gold.
Although the 1932 Olympics were held during the Great Depression and the number of participants was the lowest since 1904, the scale and quality of the Colosseum’s Olympic Stadium surprised the world and established a new popularity as a venue for years to come.
1932 marked the start of the new shortened schedule (16 days this time around), with previous matches running for at least 79 days.
Only 126 women competed, representing around 9. 6 per cent of competitors, a marked difference from Tokyo 2020, when 49. 2 per cent of athletes were women.
Adolf Hitler controversially opened the Berlin Games, which many Jewish athletes boycotted.
However, no country refrained from competing, despite threats from the United States. Berlin 1936 was the first televised Games and the first to feature the Olympic torch relay, carried from Olympia to Berlin.
American Jesse Owens left a lasting mark on the world by winning four gold medals, “single-handedly crushing the Hitlerian myth of Aryan supremacy” and has become one of the most outstanding athletes in the history of athletics.
Basketball, canoeing and handball made the impression for the first time.
The Games made a long-awaited return to London after the interruption caused by the Second World War that led to a 12-year hiatus.
Germany and Japan were not on the guest list, and the Soviets did not attend. Dutch runner Fanny Blankers-Koen became the first woman to win four gold medals at just one Olympics, while Bob Mathias won the decathlon for the United States at age 17. , just 4 months after starting out in the sport.
Israel and the Soviet Union reached the Olympic level for the first time in their history, while being allowed to compete with men in the first combined equestrian events.
Czech runner Emil Zátopek achieved a feat by winning gold in his first marathon, as well as taking victory in the 5,000m and 10,000m races.
Oceania’s first Olympic Games were held that same year, in the Australian summer.
The first Olympic boycott took place when Spain, the Netherlands and Switzerland refused to participate in an act of disapproval of the Soviet invasion of Hungary, and China also boycotted in protest of the festival of Taiwan as a country in its own right. Egypt, Iraq and Lebanon were also absent to protest Egypt’s invasion through France, Israel and the United Kingdom after Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal.
The deep hostilities of the Cold War manifested themselves when the USSR’s water polo took on Hungary, in a clash known as the “Blood in Water Match”.
Muhammad Ali, when he was known as Cassius Clay, won gold in Rome in the light heavyweight division, kicking off a memorable athletic career.
Abebe Bikila, representing Ethiopia, was the first black African gold medalist to win the barefoot marathon.
Asia’s first Olympic Games were the first to be broadcast internationally, revolutionizing Olympic coverage. They were also the last Games in which manual chronometer timing was used for official timing.
Men’s volleyball and judo made their highlights, while Hiroshima local Yoshinori Sakai, born on the day the atomic bomb was dropped, lit the torch in a poignant tribute to those lost in the tragedy.
In the first Latin American Games, Mexican hurdler Enriqueta Basilio turned off the cauldron for the first time and mandatory anti-doping controls were carried out for the winners.
It was a big year for America, where Bob Beamon set the world record in the long jump with a world record that would stand for about 23 years. The gold medal in super heavyweight boxing went to George Foreman.
In a symbolic moment of protest, black American sprinters Tommie Smith (gold) and John Carlos (bronze) spoke out in favor of civil rights, bowing their heads and raising their black-gloved fists as the “Starry Banner” rang out at the Olympic Stadium. . . They were banned and banned for life from the Olympics through the IOC. Critics have called Smith and Carlos’ moves a politicization of the Olympics.
The Games held at that time involved 195 events, 7,134 athletes and 121 nations.
A dark shadow was cast over the Sept. 5 celebrations when the Palestinian militant organization Black September stormed the Olympic Village, killing two members of the Israeli team and taking nine hostages. A total of 17 other people lost their lives.
The Games were temporarily suspended for the first time in history out of respect for the deceased before resuming when IOC President Avery Brundage said: “The Games will have to go on!”
This is Canada’s first time hosting the Summer Olympics. Victim of some other boycott, this time by more than 20 countries, mostly African, due to the fact that the New Zealand Rugby Union had visited apartheid-stricken South Africa and the country. who will participate in the Games.
Bruce Jenner, now Caitlyn Jenner, broke the decathlon record by winning gold for the United States and 14-year-old Romanian gymnast Nadia Comaneci won hearts by scoring the first 10 in history on the uneven bars.
A quiet Olympics, after a boycott led by U. S. President Jimmy Carter against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, which resulted in the fewest nations since 1956.
A mediocre festival from 80 countries resulted in an unforgettable festival.
Another boycott, this time across the USSR, after the U. S. -led one for the 1980 Moscow Games, prevented 14 Soviet nations from competing, but on little to larger scale.
The Los Angeles Games, officially opened by President Ronald Reagan, attracted a record 140 countries and a profit of $223 million (£176 million).
Controversy erupted when American Mary Decker stumbled after colliding with Great Britain’s Zola Budd in the women’s 3,000 meters.
Tennis rebounded at the foreign level after a 64-year absence, and Steffi Graf concluded her Grand Slam season by winning gold. Table tennis was also presented.
The resolution not to allow North Korea to co-host the Games was not well received, and Cuba, Nicaragua and Ethiopia joined them in boycotting the Games.
The drama didn’t end there: Canadian sprinter Ben Johnson set a world record in the 100 meters before being disqualified for taking steroids, the first notable athlete to be disqualified for drug use.
The Barcelona Olympics gifted us with Paralympic archer Antonio Rebollo’s iconic shot with his arrow to light the torch at the Opening Ceremony.
The “Dream Team” of American basketball shined, with the mythical trio of Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson and Larry Bird owning the court and winning gold.
The Games also featured a newly reunified German team, the return of South Africa after the end of apartheid and the 12 of the 15 new countries after the dissolution of the Soviet Union competing as a unified team.
Women’s badminton and judo were introduced, baseball as a medal-winning sport, and canoe slalom returned to the Olympic program.
A summer of wondrous achievement and innovation overshadowed by the explosion of a homemade bomb in a terrorist attack at Centennial Olympic Park, which claimed the lives of two other people and injured more than a hundred.
A star-studded opening rite included President Bill Clinton and boxing legend Muhammad Ali, the iconic cauldron.
The U. S. swept the team events in softball, basketball, soccer and gymnastics, while Michael Johnson was the first man in Olympic history to win the 200 and 400 meters.
New sports included beach volleyball, mountain biking, rowing, and women’s soccer.
EPO screening and blood tests were implemented as part of the anti-doping crackdown, with divided North and South Korea forming a united front as they headed into the Opening Ceremony with one flag.
Taekwondo and triathlon made their Olympic debuts and competed for the first time in fashion weightlifting and pentathlon.
Australian swimmer Ian Thorpe, who competed in his hometown, got his big break with three gold medals and two silver, making him the most successful athlete of the 2000 Games.
Great Britain’s Sir Steve Redgrave also won gold medals at back-to-back Games, an Olympic record in rowing.
The birthplace of the Games once hosted the Games, 108 years after the first ones in 1896.
There were a record number of groups (201) and the debut of Kiribati and East Timor under their own flag contributed to the diversity of the cohort.
American swimmer Michael Phelps won six gold medals and set a Games with 8 medals in total.
German kayaking champion Birgit Fischer came out of retirement to give one last hurrah and be the first to win two medals at five other Games, cementing her position in the Kayak Hall of Fame.
Beijing 2008, China’s first Olympic Games, sparing no expense. Setting a new milestone with its lavish opening ceremony, said to have cost more than £10 million (£7. 9 million), it set the tone for the Games in the long run.
Phelps won 8 gold medals thanks to his accomplishments over the past 4 years, though it’s still a feat that no one else has been able to match.
Jamaica’s more no-nonsense sprinter, Usain Bolt, also made an impression by winning three gold medals in the 100m and 200m sprints, as well as the 4x100m relay.
The London Games, centered around East London’s Olympic Park, were wonderful for the national team, as Saudi Arabia allowed them to compete for the first time and Team USA won the World Cup. The U. S. had a higher proportion of female than male athletes.
Oscar Pistorius, now in disgrace, made headlines as the first amputee to compete in an Olympic track event, representing South Africa.
Sir Mo Farah is known for his gold in the men’s 10,000m and 5,000m, the first in what has been dubbed the ‘Super Saturday’, in which Britain has achieved the most success (six gold medals) at the Olympics since 1908.
Concern about the Zika virus plagued the first Olympic Games held in South America. However, it was also an unforgettable moment with the beautiful scenery of the city that caught the eye. 11,238 athletes from 207 nations participated, in addition to new arrivals from Kosovo, South Sudan and the Refugee Olympic Team.
Rugby sevens made its Olympic debut; The last time he did so was in 1924. Similarly, golf is making a comeback after a 112-year absence from the program.
U. S. gymnast Simone Biles was a judge in her first Olympic appearance, winning 4 gold medals, and fencer Ibtihaj Muhammad made history as the first Muslim American athlete to compete in a hijab.
An attractive year for sport, to say the least, with the Olympic Games, like so many other events, postponed for 12 months until 2021 due to the outbreak of the global Covid-19 pandemic.
When Japan was able to host (for the second time in the summer after 1964), the Games were held in front of empty stadiums with spectators banned due to the pandemic, which was the first time in Olympic history of a Games without crowds. place.
In an effort to appeal to a new, younger generation, games such as skateboarding, climbing, surfing, and karate made the impression for the first time, as did occasions such as freestyle BMX and 3×3 basketball. The Games were also declared through the IOC to be the first Olympic Games with gender parity in history.
Paris is the second city after London to host the Summer Olympics three times after 1900 and 1924. It is expected to be the first to host an equal number of male and female athletes. Breakdancing (also known as breakdancing) will make its Olympic debut.
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